kirren — German conjugation
to call
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Regular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | kirre | I call |
| du | kirrst | you call |
| er/sie/es | kirrt | he/she/it calls |
| wir | kirren | we call |
| ihr | kirrt | you (pl.) call |
| sie/Sie | kirren | they call |
Simple past (Präteritum) Regular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | kirrte | I called |
| du | kirrtest | you called |
| er/sie/es | kirrte | he/she/it called |
| wir | kirrten | we called |
| ihr | kirrtet | you (pl.) called |
| sie/Sie | kirrten | they called |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | habe gekirrt | I have called |
| du | hast gekirrt | you have called |
| er/sie/es | hat gekirrt | he/she/it has called |
| wir | haben gekirrt | we have called |
| ihr | habt gekirrt | you (pl.) have called |
| sie/Sie | haben gekirrt | they have called |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | hatte gekirrt | I had called |
| du | hattest gekirrt | you had called |
| er/sie/es | hatte gekirrt | he/she/it had called |
| wir | hatten gekirrt | we had called |
| ihr | hattet gekirrt | you (pl.) had called |
| sie/Sie | hatten gekirrt | they had called |
Future I (Futur I) Regular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde kirren | I will call |
| du | wirst kirren | you will call |
| er/sie/es | wird kirren | he/she/it will call |
| wir | werden kirren | we will call |
| ihr | werdet kirren | you (pl.) will call |
| sie/Sie | werden kirren | they will call |
Future II (Futur II) Regular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde gekirrt haben | I will have called |
| du | wirst gekirrt haben | you will have called |
| er/sie/es | wird gekirrt haben | he/she/it will have called |
| wir | werden gekirrt haben | we will have called |
| ihr | werdet gekirrt haben | you (pl.) will have called |
| sie/Sie | werden gekirrt haben | they will have called |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | kirrte |
| du | kirrtest |
| er/sie/es | kirrte |
| wir | kirrten |
| ihr | kirrtet |
| sie/Sie | kirrten |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Regular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | kirre |
| ihr | kirrt |