läutern — German conjugation

to purify

Frequency#1388Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichläutereI purify
duläuterstyou purify
er/sie/esläuterthe/she/it purifies
wirläuternwe purify
ihrläutertyou (pl.) purify
sie/Sieläuternthey purify

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichläuterteI purified
duläutertestyou purified
er/sie/esläutertehe/she/it purified
wirläutertenwe purified
ihrläutertetyou (pl.) purified
sie/Sieläutertenthey purified

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe geläutertI have purified
duhast geläutertyou have purified
er/sie/eshat geläuterthe/she/it has purified
wirhaben geläutertwe have purified
ihrhabt geläutertyou (pl.) have purified
sie/Siehaben geläutertthey have purified

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte geläutertI had purified
duhattest geläutertyou had purified
er/sie/eshatte geläuterthe/she/it had purified
wirhatten geläutertwe had purified
ihrhattet geläutertyou (pl.) had purified
sie/Siehatten geläutertthey had purified

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde läuternI will purify
duwirst läuternyou will purify
er/sie/eswird läuternhe/she/it will purify
wirwerden läuternwe will purify
ihrwerdet läuternyou (pl.) will purify
sie/Siewerden läuternthey will purify

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde geläutert habenI will have purified
duwirst geläutert habenyou will have purified
er/sie/eswird geläutert habenhe/she/it will have purified
wirwerden geläutert habenwe will have purified
ihrwerdet geläutert habenyou (pl.) will have purified
sie/Siewerden geläutert habenthey will have purified

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichläuterte
duläutertest
er/sie/esläuterte
wirläuterten
ihrläutertet
sie/Sieläuterten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duläutere
ihrläutert