ruhen — German conjugation

to rest

Frequency#2684Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichruheI rest
duruhstyou rest
er/sie/esruhthe/she/it rests
wirruhenwe rest
ihrruhtyou (pl.) rest
sie/Sieruhenthey rest

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichruhteI rested
duruhtestyou rested
er/sie/esruhtehe/she/it rested
wirruhtenwe rested
ihrruhtetyou (pl.) rested
sie/Sieruhtenthey rested

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe geruhtI have rested
duhast geruhtyou have rested
er/sie/eshat geruhthe/she/it has rested
wirhaben geruhtwe have rested
ihrhabt geruhtyou (pl.) have rested
sie/Siehaben geruhtthey have rested

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte geruhtI had rested
duhattest geruhtyou had rested
er/sie/eshatte geruhthe/she/it had rested
wirhatten geruhtwe had rested
ihrhattet geruhtyou (pl.) had rested
sie/Siehatten geruhtthey had rested

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde ruhenI will rest
duwirst ruhenyou will rest
er/sie/eswird ruhenhe/she/it will rest
wirwerden ruhenwe will rest
ihrwerdet ruhenyou (pl.) will rest
sie/Siewerden ruhenthey will rest

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde geruht habenI will have rested
duwirst geruht habenyou will have rested
er/sie/eswird geruht habenhe/she/it will have rested
wirwerden geruht habenwe will have rested
ihrwerdet geruht habenyou (pl.) will have rested
sie/Siewerden geruht habenthey will have rested

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichruhte
duruhtest
er/sie/esruhte
wirruhten
ihrruhtet
sie/Sieruhten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duruhe
ihrruht