schärfen — German conjugation

to sharpen

Frequency#826Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichschärfeI sharpen
duschärfstyou sharpen
er/sie/esschärfthe/she/it sharpens
wirschärfenwe sharpen
ihrschärftyou (pl.) sharpen
sie/Sieschärfenthey sharpen

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichschärfteI sharpened
duschärftestyou sharpened
er/sie/esschärftehe/she/it sharpened
wirschärftenwe sharpened
ihrschärftetyou (pl.) sharpened
sie/Sieschärftenthey sharpened

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe geschärftI have sharpened
duhast geschärftyou have sharpened
er/sie/eshat geschärfthe/she/it has sharpened
wirhaben geschärftwe have sharpened
ihrhabt geschärftyou (pl.) have sharpened
sie/Siehaben geschärftthey have sharpened

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte geschärftI had sharpened
duhattest geschärftyou had sharpened
er/sie/eshatte geschärfthe/she/it had sharpened
wirhatten geschärftwe had sharpened
ihrhattet geschärftyou (pl.) had sharpened
sie/Siehatten geschärftthey had sharpened

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde schärfenI will sharpen
duwirst schärfenyou will sharpen
er/sie/eswird schärfenhe/she/it will sharpen
wirwerden schärfenwe will sharpen
ihrwerdet schärfenyou (pl.) will sharpen
sie/Siewerden schärfenthey will sharpen

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde geschärft habenI will have sharpened
duwirst geschärft habenyou will have sharpened
er/sie/eswird geschärft habenhe/she/it will have sharpened
wirwerden geschärft habenwe will have sharpened
ihrwerdet geschärft habenyou (pl.) will have sharpened
sie/Siewerden geschärft habenthey will have sharpened

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichschärfte
duschärftest
er/sie/esschärfte
wirschärften
ihrschärftet
sie/Sieschärften

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duschärfe
ihrschärft