singen — German conjugation

to sing

Frequency#104Irregular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Irregular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichsingeI sing
dusingstyou sing
er/sie/essingthe/she/it sings
wirsingenwe sing
ihrsingtyou (pl.) sing
sie/Siesingenthey sing

Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichsangI sang
dusangstyou sang
er/sie/essanghe/she/it sang
wirsangenwe sang
ihrsangtyou (pl.) sang
sie/Siesangenthey sang

Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe gesungenI have sung
duhast gesungenyou have sung
er/sie/eshat gesungenhe/she/it has sung
wirhaben gesungenwe have sung
ihrhabt gesungenyou (pl.) have sung
sie/Siehaben gesungenthey have sung

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte gesungenI had sung
duhattest gesungenyou had sung
er/sie/eshatte gesungenhe/she/it had sung
wirhatten gesungenwe had sung
ihrhattet gesungenyou (pl.) had sung
sie/Siehatten gesungenthey had sung

Future I (Futur I) Irregular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde singenI will sing
duwirst singenyou will sing
er/sie/eswird singenhe/she/it will sing
wirwerden singenwe will sing
ihrwerdet singenyou (pl.) will sing
sie/Siewerden singenthey will sing

Future II (Futur II) Irregular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde gesungen habenI will have sung
duwirst gesungen habenyou will have sung
er/sie/eswird gesungen habenhe/she/it will have sung
wirwerden gesungen habenwe will have sung
ihrwerdet gesungen habenyou (pl.) will have sung
sie/Siewerden gesungen habenthey will have sung

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichsänge
dusängest
er/sie/essänge
wirsängen
ihrsänget
sie/Siesängen

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
dusinge
ihrsingt