staben — German conjugation

to be

Frequency#2148Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichstabeI am
dustabstyou are
er/sie/esstabthe/she/it is
wirstabenwe are
ihrstabtyou (pl.) are
sie/Siestabenthey are

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichstabteI was
dustabtestyou were
er/sie/esstabtehe/she/it was
wirstabtenwe were
ihrstabtetyou (pl.) were
sie/Siestabtenthey were

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe gestabtI have been
duhast gestabtyou have been
er/sie/eshat gestabthe/she/it has been
wirhaben gestabtwe have been
ihrhabt gestabtyou (pl.) have been
sie/Siehaben gestabtthey have been

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte gestabtI had been
duhattest gestabtyou had been
er/sie/eshatte gestabthe/she/it had been
wirhatten gestabtwe had been
ihrhattet gestabtyou (pl.) had been
sie/Siehatten gestabtthey had been

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde stabenI will be
duwirst stabenyou will be
er/sie/eswird stabenhe/she/it will be
wirwerden stabenwe will be
ihrwerdet stabenyou (pl.) will be
sie/Siewerden stabenthey will be

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde gestabt habenI will have been
duwirst gestabt habenyou will have been
er/sie/eswird gestabt habenhe/she/it will have been
wirwerden gestabt habenwe will have been
ihrwerdet gestabt habenyou (pl.) will have been
sie/Siewerden gestabt habenthey will have been

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichstabte
dustabtest
er/sie/esstabte
wirstabten
ihrstabtet
sie/Siestabten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
dustabe
ihrstabt