stutzen — German conjugation
to be surprised
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Regular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | stutze | I am surprised |
| du | stutzt | you are surprised |
| er/sie/es | stutzt | he/she/it is surprised |
| wir | stutzen | we are surprised |
| ihr | stutzt | you (pl.) are surprised |
| sie/Sie | stutzen | they are surprised |
Simple past (Präteritum) Regular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | stutzte | I was surprised |
| du | stutztest | you were surprised |
| er/sie/es | stutzte | he/she/it was surprised |
| wir | stutzten | we were surprised |
| ihr | stutztet | you (pl.) were surprised |
| sie/Sie | stutzten | they were surprised |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | habe gestutzt | I have been surprised |
| du | hast gestutzt | you have been surprised |
| er/sie/es | hat gestutzt | he/she/it has been surprised |
| wir | haben gestutzt | we have been surprised |
| ihr | habt gestutzt | you (pl.) have been surprised |
| sie/Sie | haben gestutzt | they have been surprised |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | hatte gestutzt | I had been surprised |
| du | hattest gestutzt | you had been surprised |
| er/sie/es | hatte gestutzt | he/she/it had been surprised |
| wir | hatten gestutzt | we had been surprised |
| ihr | hattet gestutzt | you (pl.) had been surprised |
| sie/Sie | hatten gestutzt | they had been surprised |
Future I (Futur I) Regular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde stutzen | I will be surprised |
| du | wirst stutzen | you will be surprised |
| er/sie/es | wird stutzen | he/she/it will be surprised |
| wir | werden stutzen | we will be surprised |
| ihr | werdet stutzen | you (pl.) will be surprised |
| sie/Sie | werden stutzen | they will be surprised |
Future II (Futur II) Regular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde gestutzt haben | I will have been surprised |
| du | wirst gestutzt haben | you will have been surprised |
| er/sie/es | wird gestutzt haben | he/she/it will have been surprised |
| wir | werden gestutzt haben | we will have been surprised |
| ihr | werdet gestutzt haben | you (pl.) will have been surprised |
| sie/Sie | werden gestutzt haben | they will have been surprised |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | stutzte |
| du | stutztest |
| er/sie/es | stutzte |
| wir | stutzten |
| ihr | stutztet |
| sie/Sie | stutzten |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Regular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | stutze |
| ihr | stutzt |