vorspringen — German conjugation
to jump forward
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Irregular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | springe vor | I jump forward |
| du | springst vor | you jump forward |
| er/sie/es | springt vor | he/she/it jumps forward |
| wir | springen vor | we jump forward |
| ihr | springt vor | you (pl.) jump forward |
| sie/Sie | springen vor | they jump forward |
Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | sprang vor | I jumped forward |
| du | sprangst vor | you jumped forward |
| er/sie/es | sprang vor | he/she/it jumped forward |
| wir | sprangen vor | we jumped forward |
| ihr | sprangt vor | you (pl.) jumped forward |
| sie/Sie | sprangen vor | they jumped forward |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | bin vorgesprungen | I have jumped forward |
| du | bist vorgesprungen | you have jumped forward |
| er/sie/es | ist vorgesprungen | he/she/it has jumped forward |
| wir | sind vorgesprungen | we have jumped forward |
| ihr | seid vorgesprungen | you (pl.) have jumped forward |
| sie/Sie | sind vorgesprungen | they have jumped forward |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | war vorgesprungen | I had jumped forward |
| du | warst vorgesprungen | you had jumped forward |
| er/sie/es | war vorgesprungen | he/she/it had jumped forward |
| wir | waren vorgesprungen | we had jumped forward |
| ihr | wart vorgesprungen | you (pl.) had jumped forward |
| sie/Sie | waren vorgesprungen | they had jumped forward |
Future I (Futur I) Irregular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde vorspringen | I will jump forward |
| du | wirst vorspringen | you will jump forward |
| er/sie/es | wird vorspringen | he/she/it will jump forward |
| wir | werden vorspringen | we will jump forward |
| ihr | werdet vorspringen | you (pl.) will jump forward |
| sie/Sie | werden vorspringen | they will jump forward |
Future II (Futur II) Irregular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde vorgesprungen sein | I will have jumped forward |
| du | wirst vorgesprungen sein | you will have jumped forward |
| er/sie/es | wird vorgesprungen sein | he/she/it will have jumped forward |
| wir | werden vorgesprungen sein | we will have jumped forward |
| ihr | werdet vorgesprungen sein | you (pl.) will have jumped forward |
| sie/Sie | werden vorgesprungen sein | they will have jumped forward |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | spränge vor |
| du | sprängest vor |
| er/sie/es | spränge vor |
| wir | sprängen vor |
| ihr | spränget vor |
| sie/Sie | sprängen vor |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | springe vor |
| ihr | springt vor |