appaltare — Italian conjugation
to contract out
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | appalto | I contract out |
| tu | appalti | you contract out |
| lui/lei | appalta | he/she/it contracts out |
| noi | appaltiamo | we contract out |
| voi | appaltate | you (pl.) contract out |
| loro | appaltano | they contract out |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | appaltai | I contracted out |
| tu | appaltasti | you contracted out |
| lui/lei | appaltò | he/she/it contracted out |
| noi | appaltammo | we contracted out |
| voi | appaltaste | you (pl.) contracted out |
| loro | appaltarono | they contracted out |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | appaltavo |
| tu | appaltavi |
| lui/lei | appaltava |
| noi | appaltavamo |
| voi | appaltavate |
| loro | appaltavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | appalterei | I would contract out |
| tu | appalteresti | you would contract out |
| lui/lei | appalterebbe | he/she/it would contract out |
| noi | appalteremmo | we would contract out |
| voi | appaltereste | you (pl.) would contract out |
| loro | appalterebbero | they would contract out |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | appalterò | I will contract out |
| tu | appalterai | you will contract out |
| lui/lei | appalterà | he/she/it will contract out |
| noi | appalteremo | we will contract out |
| voi | appalterete | you (pl.) will contract out |
| loro | appalteranno | they will contract out |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho appaltato | I have contracted out |
| tu | hai appaltato | you have contracted out |
| lui/lei | ha appaltato | he/she/it has contracted out |
| noi | abbiamo appaltato | we have contracted out |
| voi | avete appaltato | you (pl.) have contracted out |
| loro | hanno appaltato | they have contracted out |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo appaltato | I had contracted out |
| tu | avevi appaltato | you had contracted out |
| lui/lei | aveva appaltato | he/she/it had contracted out |
| noi | avevamo appaltato | we had contracted out |
| voi | avevate appaltato | you (pl.) had contracted out |
| loro | avevano appaltato | they had contracted out |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei appaltato |
| tu | avresti appaltato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe appaltato |
| noi | avremmo appaltato |
| voi | avreste appaltato |
| loro | avrebbero appaltato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò appaltato | I will have contracted out |
| tu | avrai appaltato | you will have contracted out |
| lui/lei | avrà appaltato | he/she/it will have contracted out |
| noi | avremo appaltato | we will have contracted out |
| voi | avrete appaltato | you (pl.) will have contracted out |
| loro | avranno appaltato | they will have contracted out |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | appalti |
| tu | appalti |
| lui/lei | appalti |
| noi | appaltiamo |
| voi | appaltiate |
| loro | appaltino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | appaltassi |
| tu | appaltassi |
| lui/lei | appaltasse |
| noi | appaltassimo |
| voi | appaltaste |
| loro | appaltassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | appalta |
| lui/lei | appalti |
| noi | appaltiamo |
| voi | appaltate |
| loro | appaltino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non appaltare |
| lui/lei | non appalti |
| noi | non appaltiamo |
| voi | non appaltate |
| loro | non appaltino |