constatare — Italian conjugation
to ascertain
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | constato | I ascertain |
| tu | constati | you ascertain |
| lui/lei | constata | he/she/it ascertains |
| noi | constatiamo | we ascertain |
| voi | constatate | you (pl.) ascertain |
| loro | constatano | they ascertain |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | constatai | I ascertained |
| tu | constatasti | you ascertained |
| lui/lei | constatò | he/she/it ascertained |
| noi | constatammo | we ascertained |
| voi | constataste | you (pl.) ascertained |
| loro | constatarono | they ascertained |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | constatavo |
| tu | constatavi |
| lui/lei | constatava |
| noi | constatavamo |
| voi | constatavate |
| loro | constatavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | constaterei | I would ascertain |
| tu | constateresti | you would ascertain |
| lui/lei | constaterebbe | he/she/it would ascertain |
| noi | constateremmo | we would ascertain |
| voi | constatereste | you (pl.) would ascertain |
| loro | constaterebbero | they would ascertain |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | constaterò | I will ascertain |
| tu | constaterai | you will ascertain |
| lui/lei | constaterà | he/she/it will ascertain |
| noi | constateremo | we will ascertain |
| voi | constaterete | you (pl.) will ascertain |
| loro | constateranno | they will ascertain |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho constatato | I have ascertained |
| tu | hai constatato | you have ascertained |
| lui/lei | ha constatato | he/she/it has ascertained |
| noi | abbiamo constatato | we have ascertained |
| voi | avete constatato | you (pl.) have ascertained |
| loro | hanno constatato | they have ascertained |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo constatato | I had ascertained |
| tu | avevi constatato | you had ascertained |
| lui/lei | aveva constatato | he/she/it had ascertained |
| noi | avevamo constatato | we had ascertained |
| voi | avevate constatato | you (pl.) had ascertained |
| loro | avevano constatato | they had ascertained |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei constatato |
| tu | avresti constatato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe constatato |
| noi | avremmo constatato |
| voi | avreste constatato |
| loro | avrebbero constatato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò constatato | I will have ascertained |
| tu | avrai constatato | you will have ascertained |
| lui/lei | avrà constatato | he/she/it will have ascertained |
| noi | avremo constatato | we will have ascertained |
| voi | avrete constatato | you (pl.) will have ascertained |
| loro | avranno constatato | they will have ascertained |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | constati |
| tu | constati |
| lui/lei | constati |
| noi | constatiamo |
| voi | constatiate |
| loro | constatino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | constatassi |
| tu | constatassi |
| lui/lei | constatasse |
| noi | constatassimo |
| voi | constataste |
| loro | constatassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | constata |
| lui/lei | constati |
| noi | constatiamo |
| voi | constatate |
| loro | constatino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non constatare |
| lui/lei | non constati |
| noi | non constatiamo |
| voi | non constatate |
| loro | non constatino |