cercare — Italian conjugation

to search

Frequency#36Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Irregular

The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.

Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocercoI search
tucerchiyou search
lui/leicercahe/she/it searches
noicerchiamowe search
voicercateyou (pl.) search
lorocercanothey search

Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular

The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.

Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocercaiI searched
tucercastiyou searched
lui/leicercòhe/she/it searched
noicercammowe searched
voicercasteyou (pl.) searched
lorocercaronothey searched

Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular

The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.

Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.

PronounItalian
iocercavo
tucercavi
lui/leicercava
noicercavamo
voicercavate
lorocercavano

Conditional (Condizionale) Regular

The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.

Potresti alzare un poco la voce?

PronounItalianEnglish
iocerchereiI would search
tucercherestiyou would search
lui/leicercherebbehe/she/it would search
noicercheremmowe would search
voicercheresteyou (pl.) would search
lorocercherebberothey would search

Future (Futuro semplice) Irregular

The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.

Domani partiremo all'alba.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocercheròI will search
tucercheraiyou will search
lui/leicercheràhe/she/it will search
noicercheremowe will search
voicerchereteyou (pl.) will search
lorocercherannothey will search

Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular

The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.

Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioho cercatoI have searched
tuhai cercatoyou have searched
lui/leiha cercatohe/she/it has searched
noiabbiamo cercatowe have searched
voiavete cercatoyou (pl.) have searched
lorohanno cercatothey have searched

Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular

The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.

Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioavevo cercatoI had searched
tuavevi cercatoyou had searched
lui/leiaveva cercatohe/she/it had searched
noiavevamo cercatowe had searched
voiavevate cercatoyou (pl.) had searched
loroavevano cercatothey had searched

Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular

The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.

Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.

PronounItalian
ioavrei cercato
tuavresti cercato
lui/leiavrebbe cercato
noiavremmo cercato
voiavreste cercato
loroavrebbero cercato

Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular

The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.

Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioavrò cercatoI will have searched
tuavrai cercatoyou will have searched
lui/leiavrà cercatohe/she/it will have searched
noiavremo cercatowe will have searched
voiavrete cercatoyou (pl.) will have searched
loroavranno cercatothey will have searched

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular

The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.

Penso che sia la scelta giusta.

PronounItalian
iocerchi
tucerchi
lui/leicerchi
noicerchiamo
voicerchiate
lorocerchino

Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular

The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.

Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.

PronounItalian
iocercassi
tucercassi
lui/leicercasse
noicercassimo
voicercaste
lorocercassero

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular

The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.

Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.

PronounItalian
tucerca
lui/leicerchi
noicerchiamo
voicercate
lorocerchino

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.

Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.

PronounItalian
tunon cercare
lui/leinon cerchi
noinon cerchiamo
voinon cercate
loronon cerchino