dare — Italian conjugation

to give

Frequency#13Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Irregular

The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.

Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.

PronounItalianEnglish
iodoI give
tudaiyou give
lui/leihe/she/it gives
noidiamowe give
voidateyou (pl.) give
lorodannothey give

Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular

The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.

Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.

PronounItalianEnglish
iodiediI gave
tudestiyou gave
lui/leidiedehe/she/it gave
noidemmowe gave
voidesteyou (pl.) gave
lorodiederothey gave

Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular

The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.

Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.

PronounItalian
iodavo
tudavi
lui/leidava
noidavamo
voidavate
lorodavano

Conditional (Condizionale) Regular

The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.

Potresti alzare un poco la voce?

PronounItalianEnglish
iodareiI would give
tudarestiyou would give
lui/leidarebbehe/she/it would give
noidaremmowe would give
voidaresteyou (pl.) would give
lorodarebberothey would give

Future (Futuro semplice) Irregular

The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.

Domani partiremo all'alba.

PronounItalianEnglish
iodaròI will give
tudaraiyou will give
lui/leidaràhe/she/it will give
noidaremowe will give
voidareteyou (pl.) will give
lorodarannothey will give

Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular

The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.

Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioho datoI have given
tuhai datoyou have given
lui/leiha datohe/she/it has given
noiabbiamo datowe have given
voiavete datoyou (pl.) have given
lorohanno datothey have given

Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular

The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.

Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioavevo datoI had given
tuavevi datoyou had given
lui/leiaveva datohe/she/it had given
noiavevamo datowe had given
voiavevate datoyou (pl.) had given
loroavevano datothey had given

Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular

The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.

Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.

PronounItalian
ioavrei dato
tuavresti dato
lui/leiavrebbe dato
noiavremmo dato
voiavreste dato
loroavrebbero dato

Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular

The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.

Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioavrò datoI will have given
tuavrai datoyou will have given
lui/leiavrà datohe/she/it will have given
noiavremo datowe will have given
voiavrete datoyou (pl.) will have given
loroavranno datothey will have given

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular

The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.

Penso che sia la scelta giusta.

PronounItalian
iodia
tudia
lui/leidia
noidiamo
voidiate
lorodiano

Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular

The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.

Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.

PronounItalian
iodessi
tudessi
lui/leidesse
noidessimo
voideste
lorodessero

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular

The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.

Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.

PronounItalian
tuda'
lui/leidia
noidiamo
voidate
lorodiano

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.

Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.

PronounItalian
tunon dare
lui/leinon dia
noinon diamo
voinon date
loronon diano