gareggiare — Italian conjugation
to compete
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | gareggio | I compete |
| tu | gareggi | you compete |
| lui/lei | gareggia | he/she/it competes |
| noi | gareggiamo | we compete |
| voi | gareggiate | you (pl.) compete |
| loro | gareggiano | they compete |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | gareggiai | I competed |
| tu | gareggiasti | you competed |
| lui/lei | gareggiò | he/she/it competed |
| noi | gareggiammo | we competed |
| voi | gareggiaste | you (pl.) competed |
| loro | gareggiarono | they competed |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | gareggiavo |
| tu | gareggiavi |
| lui/lei | gareggiava |
| noi | gareggiavamo |
| voi | gareggiavate |
| loro | gareggiavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | gareggerei | I would compete |
| tu | gareggeresti | you would compete |
| lui/lei | gareggerebbe | he/she/it would compete |
| noi | gareggeremmo | we would compete |
| voi | gareggereste | you (pl.) would compete |
| loro | gareggerebbero | they would compete |
Future (Futuro semplice) Irregular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | gareggerò | I will compete |
| tu | gareggerai | you will compete |
| lui/lei | gareggerà | he/she/it will compete |
| noi | gareggeremo | we will compete |
| voi | gareggerete | you (pl.) will compete |
| loro | gareggeranno | they will compete |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho gareggiato | I have competed |
| tu | hai gareggiato | you have competed |
| lui/lei | ha gareggiato | he/she/it has competed |
| noi | abbiamo gareggiato | we have competed |
| voi | avete gareggiato | you (pl.) have competed |
| loro | hanno gareggiato | they have competed |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo gareggiato | I had competed |
| tu | avevi gareggiato | you had competed |
| lui/lei | aveva gareggiato | he/she/it had competed |
| noi | avevamo gareggiato | we had competed |
| voi | avevate gareggiato | you (pl.) had competed |
| loro | avevano gareggiato | they had competed |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei gareggiato |
| tu | avresti gareggiato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe gareggiato |
| noi | avremmo gareggiato |
| voi | avreste gareggiato |
| loro | avrebbero gareggiato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò gareggiato | I will have competed |
| tu | avrai gareggiato | you will have competed |
| lui/lei | avrà gareggiato | he/she/it will have competed |
| noi | avremo gareggiato | we will have competed |
| voi | avrete gareggiato | you (pl.) will have competed |
| loro | avranno gareggiato | they will have competed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | gareggi |
| tu | gareggi |
| lui/lei | gareggi |
| noi | gareggiamo |
| voi | gareggiate |
| loro | gareggino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | gareggiassi |
| tu | gareggiassi |
| lui/lei | gareggiasse |
| noi | gareggiassimo |
| voi | gareggiaste |
| loro | gareggiassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | gareggia |
| lui/lei | gareggi |
| noi | gareggiamo |
| voi | gareggiate |
| loro | gareggino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non gareggiare |
| lui/lei | non gareggi |
| noi | non gareggiamo |
| voi | non gareggiate |
| loro | non gareggino |