sterminare — Italian conjugation
to exterminate, to wipe out, to kill off
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | stermino | I exterminate |
| tu | stermini | you exterminate |
| lui/lei | stermina | he/she/it exterminates |
| noi | sterminiamo | we exterminate |
| voi | sterminate | you (pl.) exterminate |
| loro | sterminano | they exterminate |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sterminai | I exterminated |
| tu | sterminasti | you exterminated |
| lui/lei | sterminò | he/she/it exterminated |
| noi | sterminammo | we exterminated |
| voi | sterminaste | you (pl.) exterminated |
| loro | sterminarono | they exterminated |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sterminavo |
| tu | sterminavi |
| lui/lei | sterminava |
| noi | sterminavamo |
| voi | sterminavate |
| loro | sterminavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sterminerei | I would exterminate |
| tu | stermineresti | you would exterminate |
| lui/lei | sterminerebbe | he/she/it would exterminate |
| noi | stermineremmo | we would exterminate |
| voi | sterminereste | you (pl.) would exterminate |
| loro | sterminerebbero | they would exterminate |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sterminerò | I will exterminate |
| tu | sterminerai | you will exterminate |
| lui/lei | sterminerà | he/she/it will exterminate |
| noi | stermineremo | we will exterminate |
| voi | sterminerete | you (pl.) will exterminate |
| loro | stermineranno | they will exterminate |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho sterminato | I have exterminated |
| tu | hai sterminato | you have exterminated |
| lui/lei | ha sterminato | he/she/it has exterminated |
| noi | abbiamo sterminato | we have exterminated |
| voi | avete sterminato | you (pl.) have exterminated |
| loro | hanno sterminato | they have exterminated |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo sterminato | I had exterminated |
| tu | avevi sterminato | you had exterminated |
| lui/lei | aveva sterminato | he/she/it had exterminated |
| noi | avevamo sterminato | we had exterminated |
| voi | avevate sterminato | you (pl.) had exterminated |
| loro | avevano sterminato | they had exterminated |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei sterminato |
| tu | avresti sterminato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe sterminato |
| noi | avremmo sterminato |
| voi | avreste sterminato |
| loro | avrebbero sterminato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò sterminato | I will have exterminated |
| tu | avrai sterminato | you will have exterminated |
| lui/lei | avrà sterminato | he/she/it will have exterminated |
| noi | avremo sterminato | we will have exterminated |
| voi | avrete sterminato | you (pl.) will have exterminated |
| loro | avranno sterminato | they will have exterminated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | stermini |
| tu | stermini |
| lui/lei | stermini |
| noi | sterminiamo |
| voi | sterminiate |
| loro | sterminino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sterminassi |
| tu | sterminassi |
| lui/lei | sterminasse |
| noi | sterminassimo |
| voi | sterminaste |
| loro | sterminassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | stermina |
| lui/lei | stermini |
| noi | sterminiamo |
| voi | sterminate |
| loro | sterminino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non sterminare |
| lui/lei | non stermini |
| noi | non sterminiamo |
| voi | non sterminate |
| loro | non sterminino |