invertire — Italian conjugation
to invert
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | inverto | I invert |
| tu | inverti | you invert |
| lui/lei | inverte | he/she/it inverts |
| noi | invertiamo | we invert |
| voi | invertite | you (pl.) invert |
| loro | invertono | they invert |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invertii | I inverted |
| tu | invertisti | you inverted |
| lui/lei | invertì | he/she/it inverted |
| noi | invertimmo | we inverted |
| voi | invertiste | you (pl.) inverted |
| loro | invertirono | they inverted |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | invertivo |
| tu | invertivi |
| lui/lei | invertiva |
| noi | invertivamo |
| voi | invertivate |
| loro | invertivano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invertirei | I would invert |
| tu | invertiresti | you would invert |
| lui/lei | invertirebbe | he/she/it would invert |
| noi | invertiremmo | we would invert |
| voi | invertireste | you (pl.) would invert |
| loro | invertirebbero | they would invert |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | invertirò | I will invert |
| tu | invertirai | you will invert |
| lui/lei | invertirà | he/she/it will invert |
| noi | invertiremo | we will invert |
| voi | invertirete | you (pl.) will invert |
| loro | invertiranno | they will invert |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho invertito | I have inverted |
| tu | hai invertito | you have inverted |
| lui/lei | ha invertito | he/she/it has inverted |
| noi | abbiamo invertito | we have inverted |
| voi | avete invertito | you (pl.) have inverted |
| loro | hanno invertito | they have inverted |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo invertito | I had inverted |
| tu | avevi invertito | you had inverted |
| lui/lei | aveva invertito | he/she/it had inverted |
| noi | avevamo invertito | we had inverted |
| voi | avevate invertito | you (pl.) had inverted |
| loro | avevano invertito | they had inverted |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei invertito |
| tu | avresti invertito |
| lui/lei | avrebbe invertito |
| noi | avremmo invertito |
| voi | avreste invertito |
| loro | avrebbero invertito |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò invertito | I will have inverted |
| tu | avrai invertito | you will have inverted |
| lui/lei | avrà invertito | he/she/it will have inverted |
| noi | avremo invertito | we will have inverted |
| voi | avrete invertito | you (pl.) will have inverted |
| loro | avranno invertito | they will have inverted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | inverta |
| tu | inverta |
| lui/lei | inverta |
| noi | invertiamo |
| voi | invertiate |
| loro | invertano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | invertissi |
| tu | invertissi |
| lui/lei | invertisse |
| noi | invertissimo |
| voi | invertiste |
| loro | invertissero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | inverti |
| lui/lei | inverta |
| noi | invertiamo |
| voi | invertite |
| loro | invertano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non invertire |
| lui/lei | non inverta |
| noi | non invertiamo |
| voi | non invertite |
| loro | non invertano |