lottare — Italian conjugation
to fight
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | lotto | I fight |
| tu | lotti | you fight |
| lui/lei | lotta | he/she/it fights |
| noi | lottiamo | we fight |
| voi | lottate | you (pl.) fight |
| loro | lottano | they fight |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | lottai | I fought |
| tu | lottasti | you fought |
| lui/lei | lottò | he/she/it fought |
| noi | lottammo | we fought |
| voi | lottaste | you (pl.) fought |
| loro | lottarono | they fought |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | lottavo |
| tu | lottavi |
| lui/lei | lottava |
| noi | lottavamo |
| voi | lottavate |
| loro | lottavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | lotterei | I would fight |
| tu | lotteresti | you would fight |
| lui/lei | lotterebbe | he/she/it would fight |
| noi | lotteremmo | we would fight |
| voi | lottereste | you (pl.) would fight |
| loro | lotterebbero | they would fight |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | lotterò | I will fight |
| tu | lotterai | you will fight |
| lui/lei | lotterà | he/she/it will fight |
| noi | lotteremo | we will fight |
| voi | lotterete | you (pl.) will fight |
| loro | lotteranno | they will fight |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho lottato | I have fought |
| tu | hai lottato | you have fought |
| lui/lei | ha lottato | he/she/it has fought |
| noi | abbiamo lottato | we have fought |
| voi | avete lottato | you (pl.) have fought |
| loro | hanno lottato | they have fought |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo lottato | I had fought |
| tu | avevi lottato | you had fought |
| lui/lei | aveva lottato | he/she/it had fought |
| noi | avevamo lottato | we had fought |
| voi | avevate lottato | you (pl.) had fought |
| loro | avevano lottato | they had fought |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei lottato |
| tu | avresti lottato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe lottato |
| noi | avremmo lottato |
| voi | avreste lottato |
| loro | avrebbero lottato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò lottato | I will have fought |
| tu | avrai lottato | you will have fought |
| lui/lei | avrà lottato | he/she/it will have fought |
| noi | avremo lottato | we will have fought |
| voi | avrete lottato | you (pl.) will have fought |
| loro | avranno lottato | they will have fought |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | lotti |
| tu | lotti |
| lui/lei | lotti |
| noi | lottiamo |
| voi | lottiate |
| loro | lottino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | lottassi |
| tu | lottassi |
| lui/lei | lottasse |
| noi | lottassimo |
| voi | lottaste |
| loro | lottassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | lotta |
| lui/lei | lotti |
| noi | lottiamo |
| voi | lottate |
| loro | lottino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non lottare |
| lui/lei | non lotti |
| noi | non lottiamo |
| voi | non lottate |
| loro | non lottino |