ispirare — Italian conjugation
to inspire
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ispiro | I inspire |
| tu | ispiri | you inspire |
| lui/lei | ispira | he/she/it inspires |
| noi | ispiriamo | we inspire |
| voi | ispirate | you (pl.) inspire |
| loro | ispirano | they inspire |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ispirai | I inspired |
| tu | ispirasti | you inspired |
| lui/lei | ispirò | he/she/it inspired |
| noi | ispirammo | we inspired |
| voi | ispiraste | you (pl.) inspired |
| loro | ispirarono | they inspired |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ispiravo |
| tu | ispiravi |
| lui/lei | ispirava |
| noi | ispiravamo |
| voi | ispiravate |
| loro | ispiravano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ispirerei | I would inspire |
| tu | ispireresti | you would inspire |
| lui/lei | ispirerebbe | he/she/it would inspire |
| noi | ispireremmo | we would inspire |
| voi | ispirereste | you (pl.) would inspire |
| loro | ispirerebbero | they would inspire |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ispirerò | I will inspire |
| tu | ispirerai | you will inspire |
| lui/lei | ispirerà | he/she/it will inspire |
| noi | ispireremo | we will inspire |
| voi | ispirerete | you (pl.) will inspire |
| loro | ispireranno | they will inspire |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho ispirato | I have inspired |
| tu | hai ispirato | you have inspired |
| lui/lei | ha ispirato | he/she/it has inspired |
| noi | abbiamo ispirato | we have inspired |
| voi | avete ispirato | you (pl.) have inspired |
| loro | hanno ispirato | they have inspired |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo ispirato | I had inspired |
| tu | avevi ispirato | you had inspired |
| lui/lei | aveva ispirato | he/she/it had inspired |
| noi | avevamo ispirato | we had inspired |
| voi | avevate ispirato | you (pl.) had inspired |
| loro | avevano ispirato | they had inspired |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei ispirato |
| tu | avresti ispirato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe ispirato |
| noi | avremmo ispirato |
| voi | avreste ispirato |
| loro | avrebbero ispirato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò ispirato | I will have inspired |
| tu | avrai ispirato | you will have inspired |
| lui/lei | avrà ispirato | he/she/it will have inspired |
| noi | avremo ispirato | we will have inspired |
| voi | avrete ispirato | you (pl.) will have inspired |
| loro | avranno ispirato | they will have inspired |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ispiri |
| tu | ispiri |
| lui/lei | ispiri |
| noi | ispiriamo |
| voi | ispiriate |
| loro | ispirino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ispirassi |
| tu | ispirassi |
| lui/lei | ispirasse |
| noi | ispirassimo |
| voi | ispiraste |
| loro | ispirassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | ispira |
| lui/lei | ispiri |
| noi | ispiriamo |
| voi | ispirate |
| loro | ispirino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non ispirare |
| lui/lei | non ispiri |
| noi | non ispiriamo |
| voi | non ispirate |
| loro | non ispirino |