marcire — Italian conjugation
to rot
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | marcisco | I rot |
| tu | marcisci | you rot |
| lui/lei | marcisce | he/she/it rots |
| noi | marciamo | we rot |
| voi | marcite | you (pl.) rot |
| loro | marciscono | they rot |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | marcii | I rotted |
| tu | marcisti | you rotted |
| lui/lei | marcì | he/she/it rotted |
| noi | marcimmo | we rotted |
| voi | marciste | you (pl.) rotted |
| loro | marcirono | they rotted |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | marcivo |
| tu | marcivi |
| lui/lei | marciva |
| noi | marcivamo |
| voi | marcivate |
| loro | marcivano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | marcirei | I would rot |
| tu | marciresti | you would rot |
| lui/lei | marcirebbe | he/she/it would rot |
| noi | marciremmo | we would rot |
| voi | marcireste | you (pl.) would rot |
| loro | marcirebbero | they would rot |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | marcirò | I will rot |
| tu | marcirai | you will rot |
| lui/lei | marcirà | he/she/it will rot |
| noi | marciremo | we will rot |
| voi | marcirete | you (pl.) will rot |
| loro | marciranno | they will rot |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sono marcito/a | I have rotted |
| tu | sei marcito/a | you have rotted |
| lui/lei | è marcito/a | he/she/it has rotted |
| noi | siamo marciti/e | we have rotted |
| voi | siete marciti/e | you (pl.) have rotted |
| loro | sono marciti/e | they have rotted |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ero marcito/a | I had rotted |
| tu | eri marcito/a | you had rotted |
| lui/lei | era marcito/a | he/she/it had rotted |
| noi | eravamo marciti/e | we had rotted |
| voi | eravate marciti/e | you (pl.) had rotted |
| loro | erano marciti/e | they had rotted |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sarei marcito/a |
| tu | saresti marcito/a |
| lui/lei | sarebbe marcito/a |
| noi | saremmo marciti/e |
| voi | sareste marciti/e |
| loro | sarebbero marciti/e |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sarò marcito/a | I will have rotted |
| tu | sarai marcito/a | you will have rotted |
| lui/lei | sarà marcito/a | he/she/it will have rotted |
| noi | saremo marciti/e | we will have rotted |
| voi | sarete marciti/e | you (pl.) will have rotted |
| loro | saranno marciti/e | they will have rotted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | marcisca |
| tu | marcisca |
| lui/lei | marcisca |
| noi | marciamo |
| voi | marciate |
| loro | marciscano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | marcissi |
| tu | marcissi |
| lui/lei | marcisse |
| noi | marcissimo |
| voi | marciste |
| loro | marcissero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | marcisci |
| lui/lei | marcisca |
| noi | marciamo |
| voi | marcite |
| loro | marciscano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non marcire |
| lui/lei | non marcisca |
| noi | non marciamo |
| voi | non marcite |
| loro | non marciscano |