penetrare — Italian conjugation
to penetrate; to pound
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | penetro | I penetrate |
| tu | penetri | you penetrate |
| lui/lei | penetra | he/she/it penetrates |
| noi | penetriamo | we penetrate |
| voi | penetrate | you (pl.) penetrate |
| loro | penetrano | they penetrate |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | penetrai | I penetrated |
| tu | penetrasti | you penetrated |
| lui/lei | penetrò | he/she/it penetrated |
| noi | penetrammo | we penetrated |
| voi | penetraste | you (pl.) penetrated |
| loro | penetrarono | they penetrated |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | penetravo |
| tu | penetravi |
| lui/lei | penetrava |
| noi | penetravamo |
| voi | penetravate |
| loro | penetravano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | penetrerei | I would penetrate |
| tu | penetreresti | you would penetrate |
| lui/lei | penetrerebbe | he/she/it would penetrate |
| noi | penetreremmo | we would penetrate |
| voi | penetrereste | you (pl.) would penetrate |
| loro | penetrerebbero | they would penetrate |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | penetrerò | I will penetrate |
| tu | penetrerai | you will penetrate |
| lui/lei | penetrerà | he/she/it will penetrate |
| noi | penetreremo | we will penetrate |
| voi | penetrerete | you (pl.) will penetrate |
| loro | penetreranno | they will penetrate |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sono penetrato/a | I have penetrated |
| tu | sei penetrato/a | you have penetrated |
| lui/lei | è penetrato/a | he/she/it has penetrated |
| noi | siamo penetrati/e | we have penetrated |
| voi | siete penetrati/e | you (pl.) have penetrated |
| loro | sono penetrati/e | they have penetrated |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ero penetrato/a | I had penetrated |
| tu | eri penetrato/a | you had penetrated |
| lui/lei | era penetrato/a | he/she/it had penetrated |
| noi | eravamo penetrati/e | we had penetrated |
| voi | eravate penetrati/e | you (pl.) had penetrated |
| loro | erano penetrati/e | they had penetrated |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sarei penetrato/a |
| tu | saresti penetrato/a |
| lui/lei | sarebbe penetrato/a |
| noi | saremmo penetrati/e |
| voi | sareste penetrati/e |
| loro | sarebbero penetrati/e |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sarò penetrato/a | I will have penetrated |
| tu | sarai penetrato/a | you will have penetrated |
| lui/lei | sarà penetrato/a | he/she/it will have penetrated |
| noi | saremo penetrati/e | we will have penetrated |
| voi | sarete penetrati/e | you (pl.) will have penetrated |
| loro | saranno penetrati/e | they will have penetrated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | penetri |
| tu | penetri |
| lui/lei | penetri |
| noi | penetriamo |
| voi | penetriate |
| loro | penetrino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | penetrassi |
| tu | penetrassi |
| lui/lei | penetrasse |
| noi | penetrassimo |
| voi | penetraste |
| loro | penetrassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | penetra |
| lui/lei | penetri |
| noi | penetriamo |
| voi | penetrate |
| loro | penetrino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non penetrare |
| lui/lei | non penetri |
| noi | non penetriamo |
| voi | non penetrate |
| loro | non penetrino |