riciclare — Italian conjugation
to recycle
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | riciclo | I recycle |
| tu | ricicli | you recycle |
| lui/lei | ricicla | he/she/it recycles |
| noi | ricicliamo | we recycle |
| voi | riciclate | you (pl.) recycle |
| loro | riciclano | they recycle |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | riciclai | I recycled |
| tu | riciclasti | you recycled |
| lui/lei | riciclò | he/she/it recycled |
| noi | riciclammo | we recycled |
| voi | riciclaste | you (pl.) recycled |
| loro | riciclarono | they recycled |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | riciclavo |
| tu | riciclavi |
| lui/lei | riciclava |
| noi | riciclavamo |
| voi | riciclavate |
| loro | riciclavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | riciclerei | I would recycle |
| tu | ricicleresti | you would recycle |
| lui/lei | riciclerebbe | he/she/it would recycle |
| noi | ricicleremmo | we would recycle |
| voi | riciclereste | you (pl.) would recycle |
| loro | riciclerebbero | they would recycle |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | riciclerò | I will recycle |
| tu | riciclerai | you will recycle |
| lui/lei | riciclerà | he/she/it will recycle |
| noi | ricicleremo | we will recycle |
| voi | riciclerete | you (pl.) will recycle |
| loro | ricicleranno | they will recycle |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho riciclato | I have recycled |
| tu | hai riciclato | you have recycled |
| lui/lei | ha riciclato | he/she/it has recycled |
| noi | abbiamo riciclato | we have recycled |
| voi | avete riciclato | you (pl.) have recycled |
| loro | hanno riciclato | they have recycled |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo riciclato | I had recycled |
| tu | avevi riciclato | you had recycled |
| lui/lei | aveva riciclato | he/she/it had recycled |
| noi | avevamo riciclato | we had recycled |
| voi | avevate riciclato | you (pl.) had recycled |
| loro | avevano riciclato | they had recycled |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei riciclato |
| tu | avresti riciclato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe riciclato |
| noi | avremmo riciclato |
| voi | avreste riciclato |
| loro | avrebbero riciclato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò riciclato | I will have recycled |
| tu | avrai riciclato | you will have recycled |
| lui/lei | avrà riciclato | he/she/it will have recycled |
| noi | avremo riciclato | we will have recycled |
| voi | avrete riciclato | you (pl.) will have recycled |
| loro | avranno riciclato | they will have recycled |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ricicli |
| tu | ricicli |
| lui/lei | ricicli |
| noi | ricicliamo |
| voi | ricicliate |
| loro | riciclino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | riciclassi |
| tu | riciclassi |
| lui/lei | riciclasse |
| noi | riciclassimo |
| voi | riciclaste |
| loro | riciclassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | ricicla |
| lui/lei | ricicli |
| noi | ricicliamo |
| voi | riciclate |
| loro | riciclino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non riciclare |
| lui/lei | non ricicli |
| noi | non ricicliamo |
| voi | non riciclate |
| loro | non riciclino |