sigillare — Italian conjugation
to seal
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sigillo | I seal |
| tu | sigilli | you seal |
| lui/lei | sigilla | he/she/it seals |
| noi | sigilliamo | we seal |
| voi | sigillate | you (pl.) seal |
| loro | sigillano | they seal |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sigillai | I sealed |
| tu | sigillasti | you sealed |
| lui/lei | sigillò | he/she/it sealed |
| noi | sigillammo | we sealed |
| voi | sigillaste | you (pl.) sealed |
| loro | sigillarono | they sealed |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sigillavo |
| tu | sigillavi |
| lui/lei | sigillava |
| noi | sigillavamo |
| voi | sigillavate |
| loro | sigillavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sigillerei | I would seal |
| tu | sigilleresti | you would seal |
| lui/lei | sigillerebbe | he/she/it would seal |
| noi | sigilleremmo | we would seal |
| voi | sigillereste | you (pl.) would seal |
| loro | sigillerebbero | they would seal |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sigillerò | I will seal |
| tu | sigillerai | you will seal |
| lui/lei | sigillerà | he/she/it will seal |
| noi | sigilleremo | we will seal |
| voi | sigillerete | you (pl.) will seal |
| loro | sigilleranno | they will seal |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho sigillato | I have sealed |
| tu | hai sigillato | you have sealed |
| lui/lei | ha sigillato | he/she/it has sealed |
| noi | abbiamo sigillato | we have sealed |
| voi | avete sigillato | you (pl.) have sealed |
| loro | hanno sigillato | they have sealed |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo sigillato | I had sealed |
| tu | avevi sigillato | you had sealed |
| lui/lei | aveva sigillato | he/she/it had sealed |
| noi | avevamo sigillato | we had sealed |
| voi | avevate sigillato | you (pl.) had sealed |
| loro | avevano sigillato | they had sealed |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei sigillato |
| tu | avresti sigillato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe sigillato |
| noi | avremmo sigillato |
| voi | avreste sigillato |
| loro | avrebbero sigillato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò sigillato | I will have sealed |
| tu | avrai sigillato | you will have sealed |
| lui/lei | avrà sigillato | he/she/it will have sealed |
| noi | avremo sigillato | we will have sealed |
| voi | avrete sigillato | you (pl.) will have sealed |
| loro | avranno sigillato | they will have sealed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sigilli |
| tu | sigilli |
| lui/lei | sigilli |
| noi | sigilliamo |
| voi | sigilliate |
| loro | sigillino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sigillassi |
| tu | sigillassi |
| lui/lei | sigillasse |
| noi | sigillassimo |
| voi | sigillaste |
| loro | sigillassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | sigilla |
| lui/lei | sigilli |
| noi | sigilliamo |
| voi | sigillate |
| loro | sigillino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non sigillare |
| lui/lei | non sigilli |
| noi | non sigilliamo |
| voi | non sigillate |
| loro | non sigillino |