sorridere — Italian conjugation
to smile
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorrido | I smile |
| tu | sorridi | you smile |
| lui/lei | sorride | he/she/it smiles |
| noi | sorridiamo | we smile |
| voi | sorridete | you (pl.) smile |
| loro | sorridono | they smile |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorrisi | I smiled |
| tu | sorridesti | you smiled |
| lui/lei | sorrise | he/she/it smiled |
| noi | sorridemmo | we smiled |
| voi | sorrideste | you (pl.) smiled |
| loro | sorrisero | they smiled |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sorridevo |
| tu | sorridevi |
| lui/lei | sorrideva |
| noi | sorridevamo |
| voi | sorridevate |
| loro | sorridevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorriderei | I would smile |
| tu | sorrideresti | you would smile |
| lui/lei | sorriderebbe | he/she/it would smile |
| noi | sorrideremmo | we would smile |
| voi | sorridereste | you (pl.) would smile |
| loro | sorriderebbero | they would smile |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sorriderò | I will smile |
| tu | sorriderai | you will smile |
| lui/lei | sorriderà | he/she/it will smile |
| noi | sorrideremo | we will smile |
| voi | sorriderete | you (pl.) will smile |
| loro | sorrideranno | they will smile |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho sorriso | I have smiled |
| tu | hai sorriso | you have smiled |
| lui/lei | ha sorriso | he/she/it has smiled |
| noi | abbiamo sorriso | we have smiled |
| voi | avete sorriso | you (pl.) have smiled |
| loro | hanno sorriso | they have smiled |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo sorriso | I had smiled |
| tu | avevi sorriso | you had smiled |
| lui/lei | aveva sorriso | he/she/it had smiled |
| noi | avevamo sorriso | we had smiled |
| voi | avevate sorriso | you (pl.) had smiled |
| loro | avevano sorriso | they had smiled |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei sorriso |
| tu | avresti sorriso |
| lui/lei | avrebbe sorriso |
| noi | avremmo sorriso |
| voi | avreste sorriso |
| loro | avrebbero sorriso |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò sorriso | I will have smiled |
| tu | avrai sorriso | you will have smiled |
| lui/lei | avrà sorriso | he/she/it will have smiled |
| noi | avremo sorriso | we will have smiled |
| voi | avrete sorriso | you (pl.) will have smiled |
| loro | avranno sorriso | they will have smiled |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sorrida |
| tu | sorrida |
| lui/lei | sorrida |
| noi | sorridiamo |
| voi | sorridiate |
| loro | sorridano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sorridessi |
| tu | sorridessi |
| lui/lei | sorridesse |
| noi | sorridessimo |
| voi | sorrideste |
| loro | sorridessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | sorridi |
| lui/lei | sorrida |
| noi | sorridiamo |
| voi | sorridete |
| loro | sorridano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non sorridere |
| lui/lei | non sorrida |
| noi | non sorridiamo |
| voi | non sorridete |
| loro | non sorridano |