sposare — Italian conjugation
to marry
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sposo | I marry |
| tu | sposi | you marry |
| lui/lei | sposa | he/she/it marries |
| noi | sposiamo | we marry |
| voi | sposate | you (pl.) marry |
| loro | sposano | they marry |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sposai | I married |
| tu | sposasti | you married |
| lui/lei | sposò | he/she/it married |
| noi | sposammo | we married |
| voi | sposaste | you (pl.) married |
| loro | sposarono | they married |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sposavo |
| tu | sposavi |
| lui/lei | sposava |
| noi | sposavamo |
| voi | sposavate |
| loro | sposavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sposerei | I would marry |
| tu | sposeresti | you would marry |
| lui/lei | sposerebbe | he/she/it would marry |
| noi | sposeremmo | we would marry |
| voi | sposereste | you (pl.) would marry |
| loro | sposerebbero | they would marry |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sposerò | I will marry |
| tu | sposerai | you will marry |
| lui/lei | sposerà | he/she/it will marry |
| noi | sposeremo | we will marry |
| voi | sposerete | you (pl.) will marry |
| loro | sposeranno | they will marry |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho sposato | I have married |
| tu | hai sposato | you have married |
| lui/lei | ha sposato | he/she/it has married |
| noi | abbiamo sposato | we have married |
| voi | avete sposato | you (pl.) have married |
| loro | hanno sposato | they have married |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo sposato | I had married |
| tu | avevi sposato | you had married |
| lui/lei | aveva sposato | he/she/it had married |
| noi | avevamo sposato | we had married |
| voi | avevate sposato | you (pl.) had married |
| loro | avevano sposato | they had married |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei sposato |
| tu | avresti sposato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe sposato |
| noi | avremmo sposato |
| voi | avreste sposato |
| loro | avrebbero sposato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò sposato | I will have married |
| tu | avrai sposato | you will have married |
| lui/lei | avrà sposato | he/she/it will have married |
| noi | avremo sposato | we will have married |
| voi | avrete sposato | you (pl.) will have married |
| loro | avranno sposato | they will have married |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sposi |
| tu | sposi |
| lui/lei | sposi |
| noi | sposiamo |
| voi | sposiate |
| loro | sposino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sposassi |
| tu | sposassi |
| lui/lei | sposasse |
| noi | sposassimo |
| voi | sposaste |
| loro | sposassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | sposa |
| lui/lei | sposi |
| noi | sposiamo |
| voi | sposate |
| loro | sposino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non sposare |
| lui/lei | non sposi |
| noi | non sposiamo |
| voi | non sposate |
| loro | non sposino |