stilare — Italian conjugation
to draft
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | stilo | I draft |
| tu | stili | you draft |
| lui/lei | stila | he/she/it drafts |
| noi | stiliamo | we draft |
| voi | stilate | you (pl.) draft |
| loro | stilano | they draft |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | stilai | I drafted |
| tu | stilasti | you drafted |
| lui/lei | stilò | he/she/it drafted |
| noi | stilammo | we drafted |
| voi | stilaste | you (pl.) drafted |
| loro | stilarono | they drafted |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | stilavo |
| tu | stilavi |
| lui/lei | stilava |
| noi | stilavamo |
| voi | stilavate |
| loro | stilavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | stilerei | I would draft |
| tu | stileresti | you would draft |
| lui/lei | stilerebbe | he/she/it would draft |
| noi | stileremmo | we would draft |
| voi | stilereste | you (pl.) would draft |
| loro | stilerebbero | they would draft |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | stilerò | I will draft |
| tu | stilerai | you will draft |
| lui/lei | stilerà | he/she/it will draft |
| noi | stileremo | we will draft |
| voi | stilerete | you (pl.) will draft |
| loro | stileranno | they will draft |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho stilato | I have drafted |
| tu | hai stilato | you have drafted |
| lui/lei | ha stilato | he/she/it has drafted |
| noi | abbiamo stilato | we have drafted |
| voi | avete stilato | you (pl.) have drafted |
| loro | hanno stilato | they have drafted |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo stilato | I had drafted |
| tu | avevi stilato | you had drafted |
| lui/lei | aveva stilato | he/she/it had drafted |
| noi | avevamo stilato | we had drafted |
| voi | avevate stilato | you (pl.) had drafted |
| loro | avevano stilato | they had drafted |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei stilato |
| tu | avresti stilato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe stilato |
| noi | avremmo stilato |
| voi | avreste stilato |
| loro | avrebbero stilato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò stilato | I will have drafted |
| tu | avrai stilato | you will have drafted |
| lui/lei | avrà stilato | he/she/it will have drafted |
| noi | avremo stilato | we will have drafted |
| voi | avrete stilato | you (pl.) will have drafted |
| loro | avranno stilato | they will have drafted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | stili |
| tu | stili |
| lui/lei | stili |
| noi | stiliamo |
| voi | stiliate |
| loro | stilino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | stilassi |
| tu | stilassi |
| lui/lei | stilasse |
| noi | stilassimo |
| voi | stilaste |
| loro | stilassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | stila |
| lui/lei | stili |
| noi | stiliamo |
| voi | stilate |
| loro | stilino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non stilare |
| lui/lei | non stili |
| noi | non stiliamo |
| voi | non stilate |
| loro | non stilino |