torcere — Italian conjugation
to twist
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | torco | I twist |
| tu | torci | you twist |
| lui/lei | torce | he/she/it twists |
| noi | torciamo | we twist |
| voi | torcete | you (pl.) twist |
| loro | torcono | they twist |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | torsi | I twisted |
| tu | torcesti | you twisted |
| lui/lei | torse | he/she/it twisted |
| noi | torcemmo | we twisted |
| voi | torceste | you (pl.) twisted |
| loro | torsero | they twisted |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | torcevo |
| tu | torcevi |
| lui/lei | torceva |
| noi | torcevamo |
| voi | torcevate |
| loro | torcevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | torcerei | I would twist |
| tu | torceresti | you would twist |
| lui/lei | torcerebbe | he/she/it would twist |
| noi | torceremmo | we would twist |
| voi | torcereste | you (pl.) would twist |
| loro | torcerebbero | they would twist |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | torcerò | I will twist |
| tu | torcerai | you will twist |
| lui/lei | torcerà | he/she/it will twist |
| noi | torceremo | we will twist |
| voi | torcerete | you (pl.) will twist |
| loro | torceranno | they will twist |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho torto | I have twisted |
| tu | hai torto | you have twisted |
| lui/lei | ha torto | he/she/it has twisted |
| noi | abbiamo torto | we have twisted |
| voi | avete torto | you (pl.) have twisted |
| loro | hanno torto | they have twisted |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo torto | I had twisted |
| tu | avevi torto | you had twisted |
| lui/lei | aveva torto | he/she/it had twisted |
| noi | avevamo torto | we had twisted |
| voi | avevate torto | you (pl.) had twisted |
| loro | avevano torto | they had twisted |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei torto |
| tu | avresti torto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe torto |
| noi | avremmo torto |
| voi | avreste torto |
| loro | avrebbero torto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò torto | I will have twisted |
| tu | avrai torto | you will have twisted |
| lui/lei | avrà torto | he/she/it will have twisted |
| noi | avremo torto | we will have twisted |
| voi | avrete torto | you (pl.) will have twisted |
| loro | avranno torto | they will have twisted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | torca |
| tu | torca |
| lui/lei | torca |
| noi | torciamo |
| voi | torciate |
| loro | torcano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | torcessi |
| tu | torcessi |
| lui/lei | torcesse |
| noi | torcessimo |
| voi | torceste |
| loro | torcessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | torci |
| lui/lei | torca |
| noi | torciamo |
| voi | torcete |
| loro | torcano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non torcere |
| lui/lei | non torca |
| noi | non torciamo |
| voi | non torcete |
| loro | non torcano |