vaccinare — Italian conjugation
to vaccinate
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vaccino | I vaccinate |
| tu | vaccini | you vaccinate |
| lui/lei | vaccina | he/she/it vaccinates |
| noi | vacciniamo | we vaccinate |
| voi | vaccinate | you (pl.) vaccinate |
| loro | vaccinano | they vaccinate |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vaccinai | I vaccinated |
| tu | vaccinasti | you vaccinated |
| lui/lei | vaccinò | he/she/it vaccinated |
| noi | vaccinammo | we vaccinated |
| voi | vaccinaste | you (pl.) vaccinated |
| loro | vaccinarono | they vaccinated |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | vaccinavo |
| tu | vaccinavi |
| lui/lei | vaccinava |
| noi | vaccinavamo |
| voi | vaccinavate |
| loro | vaccinavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vaccinerei | I would vaccinate |
| tu | vaccineresti | you would vaccinate |
| lui/lei | vaccinerebbe | he/she/it would vaccinate |
| noi | vaccineremmo | we would vaccinate |
| voi | vaccinereste | you (pl.) would vaccinate |
| loro | vaccinerebbero | they would vaccinate |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vaccinerò | I will vaccinate |
| tu | vaccinerai | you will vaccinate |
| lui/lei | vaccinerà | he/she/it will vaccinate |
| noi | vaccineremo | we will vaccinate |
| voi | vaccinerete | you (pl.) will vaccinate |
| loro | vaccineranno | they will vaccinate |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho vaccinato | I have vaccinated |
| tu | hai vaccinato | you have vaccinated |
| lui/lei | ha vaccinato | he/she/it has vaccinated |
| noi | abbiamo vaccinato | we have vaccinated |
| voi | avete vaccinato | you (pl.) have vaccinated |
| loro | hanno vaccinato | they have vaccinated |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo vaccinato | I had vaccinated |
| tu | avevi vaccinato | you had vaccinated |
| lui/lei | aveva vaccinato | he/she/it had vaccinated |
| noi | avevamo vaccinato | we had vaccinated |
| voi | avevate vaccinato | you (pl.) had vaccinated |
| loro | avevano vaccinato | they had vaccinated |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei vaccinato |
| tu | avresti vaccinato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe vaccinato |
| noi | avremmo vaccinato |
| voi | avreste vaccinato |
| loro | avrebbero vaccinato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò vaccinato | I will have vaccinated |
| tu | avrai vaccinato | you will have vaccinated |
| lui/lei | avrà vaccinato | he/she/it will have vaccinated |
| noi | avremo vaccinato | we will have vaccinated |
| voi | avrete vaccinato | you (pl.) will have vaccinated |
| loro | avranno vaccinato | they will have vaccinated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | vaccini |
| tu | vaccini |
| lui/lei | vaccini |
| noi | vacciniamo |
| voi | vacciniate |
| loro | vaccinino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | vaccinassi |
| tu | vaccinassi |
| lui/lei | vaccinasse |
| noi | vaccinassimo |
| voi | vaccinaste |
| loro | vaccinassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | vaccina |
| lui/lei | vaccini |
| noi | vacciniamo |
| voi | vaccinate |
| loro | vaccinino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non vaccinare |
| lui/lei | non vaccini |
| noi | non vacciniamo |
| voi | non vaccinate |
| loro | non vaccinino |