esportare — Italian conjugation
to export
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | esporto | I export |
| tu | esporti | you export |
| lui/lei | esporta | he/she/it exports |
| noi | esportiamo | we export |
| voi | esportate | you (pl.) export |
| loro | esportano | they export |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | esportai | I exported |
| tu | esportasti | you exported |
| lui/lei | esportò | he/she/it exported |
| noi | esportammo | we exported |
| voi | esportaste | you (pl.) exported |
| loro | esportarono | they exported |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | esportavo |
| tu | esportavi |
| lui/lei | esportava |
| noi | esportavamo |
| voi | esportavate |
| loro | esportavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | esporterei | I would export |
| tu | esporteresti | you would export |
| lui/lei | esporterebbe | he/she/it would export |
| noi | esporteremmo | we would export |
| voi | esportereste | you (pl.) would export |
| loro | esporterebbero | they would export |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | esporterò | I will export |
| tu | esporterai | you will export |
| lui/lei | esporterà | he/she/it will export |
| noi | esporteremo | we will export |
| voi | esporterete | you (pl.) will export |
| loro | esporteranno | they will export |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho esportato | I have exported |
| tu | hai esportato | you have exported |
| lui/lei | ha esportato | he/she/it has exported |
| noi | abbiamo esportato | we have exported |
| voi | avete esportato | you (pl.) have exported |
| loro | hanno esportato | they have exported |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo esportato | I had exported |
| tu | avevi esportato | you had exported |
| lui/lei | aveva esportato | he/she/it had exported |
| noi | avevamo esportato | we had exported |
| voi | avevate esportato | you (pl.) had exported |
| loro | avevano esportato | they had exported |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei esportato |
| tu | avresti esportato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe esportato |
| noi | avremmo esportato |
| voi | avreste esportato |
| loro | avrebbero esportato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò esportato | I will have exported |
| tu | avrai esportato | you will have exported |
| lui/lei | avrà esportato | he/she/it will have exported |
| noi | avremo esportato | we will have exported |
| voi | avrete esportato | you (pl.) will have exported |
| loro | avranno esportato | they will have exported |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | esporti |
| tu | esporti |
| lui/lei | esporti |
| noi | esportiamo |
| voi | esportiate |
| loro | esportino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | esportassi |
| tu | esportassi |
| lui/lei | esportasse |
| noi | esportassimo |
| voi | esportaste |
| loro | esportassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | esporta |
| lui/lei | esporti |
| noi | esportiamo |
| voi | esportate |
| loro | esportino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non esportare |
| lui/lei | non esporti |
| noi | non esportiamo |
| voi | non esportate |
| loro | non esportino |