alterar — Portuguese conjugation

to alter

Frequency#294Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eualteroI alter
tualterasyou alter
vocêalterayou alter
ele/elaalterahe/she/it alters
nósalteramoswe alter
vósalteraisyou (pl.) alter
vocêsalteramyou (pl.) alter
eles/elasalteramthey alter

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Irregular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eualtereiI altered
tualterasteyou altered
vocêalterouyou altered
ele/elaalterouhe/she/it altered
nósalteramoswe altered
vósalterastesyou (pl.) altered
vocêsalteraramyou (pl.) altered
eles/elasalteraramthey altered

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eualterava
tualteravas
vocêalterava
ele/elaalterava
nósalterávamos
vósalteráveis
vocêsalteravam
eles/elasalteravam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eualterariaI would alter
tualterariasyou would alter
vocêalterariayou would alter
ele/elaalterariahe/she/it would alter
nósalteraríamoswe would alter
vósalteraríeisyou (pl.) would alter
vocêsalterariamyou (pl.) would alter
eles/elasalterariamthey would alter

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eualterareiI will alter
tualterarásyou will alter
vocêalteraráyou will alter
ele/elaalteraráhe/she/it will alter
nósalteraremoswe will alter
vósalterareisyou (pl.) will alter
vocêsalterarãoyou (pl.) will alter
eles/elasalterarãothey will alter

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho alteradoI have altered
tutens alteradoyou have altered
vocêtem alteradoyou have altered
ele/elatem alteradohe/she/it has altered
nóstemos alteradowe have altered
vóstendes alteradoyou (pl.) have altered
vocêstêm alteradoyou (pl.) have altered
eles/elastêm alteradothey have altered

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha alteradoI had altered
tutinhas alteradoyou had altered
vocêtinha alteradoyou had altered
ele/elatinha alteradohe/she/it had altered
nóstínhamos alteradowe had altered
vóstínheis alteradoyou (pl.) had altered
vocêstinham alteradoyou (pl.) had altered
eles/elastinham alteradothey had altered

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria alterado
tuterias alterado
vocêteria alterado
ele/elateria alterado
nósteríamos alterado
vósteríeis alterado
vocêsteriam alterado
eles/elasteriam alterado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei alteradoI will have altered
tuterás alteradoyou will have altered
vocêterá alteradoyou will have altered
ele/elaterá alteradohe/she/it will have altered
nósteremos alteradowe will have altered
vóstereis alteradoyou (pl.) will have altered
vocêsterão alteradoyou (pl.) will have altered
eles/elasterão alteradothey will have altered

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eualtere
tualteres
vocêaltere
ele/elaaltere
nósalteremos
vósaltereis
vocêsalterem
eles/elasalterem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eualterasse
tualterasses
vocêalterasse
ele/elaalterasse
nósalterássemos
vósalterásseis
vocêsalterassem
eles/elasalterassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tualtera
vocêaltere
ele/elaaltere
nósalteremos
vósalterai
vocêsalterem
eles/elasalterem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão alteres
vocênão altere
ele/elanão altere
nósnão alteremos
vósnão altereis
vocêsnão alterem
eles/elasnão alterem