sobrar — Portuguese conjugation

to remain

Frequency#614Regular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Regular

The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.

Ela estuda português todas as noites.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eusobroI remain
tusobrasyou remain
vocêsobrayou remain
ele/elasobrahe/she/it remains
nóssobramoswe remain
vóssobraisyou (pl.) remain
vocêssobramyou (pl.) remain
eles/elassobramthey remain

Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular

The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.

Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eusobreiI remained
tusobrasteyou remained
vocêsobrouyou remained
ele/elasobrouhe/she/it remained
nóssobramoswe remained
vóssobrastesyou (pl.) remained
vocêssobraramyou (pl.) remained
eles/elassobraramthey remained

Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular

The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.

Quando era criança, brincava na praia.

PronounPortuguese
eusobrava
tusobravas
vocêsobrava
ele/elasobrava
nóssobrávamos
vóssobráveis
vocêssobravam
eles/elassobravam

Conditional (Condicional) Regular

The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.

Você poderia me explicar outra vez?

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eusobrariaI would remain
tusobrariasyou would remain
vocêsobrariayou would remain
ele/elasobrariahe/she/it would remain
nóssobraríamoswe would remain
vóssobraríeisyou (pl.) would remain
vocêssobrariamyou (pl.) would remain
eles/elassobrariamthey would remain

Future (Futuro do presente) Regular

The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.

Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eusobrareiI will remain
tusobrarásyou will remain
vocêsobraráyou will remain
ele/elasobraráhe/she/it will remain
nóssobraremoswe will remain
vóssobrareisyou (pl.) will remain
vocêssobrarãoyou (pl.) will remain
eles/elassobrarãothey will remain

Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular

The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.

Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutenho sobradoI have remained
tutens sobradoyou have remained
vocêtem sobradoyou have remained
ele/elatem sobradohe/she/it has remained
nóstemos sobradowe have remained
vóstendes sobradoyou (pl.) have remained
vocêstêm sobradoyou (pl.) have remained
eles/elastêm sobradothey have remained

Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular

The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.

Já tinham saído quando chegámos.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
eutinha sobradoI had remained
tutinhas sobradoyou had remained
vocêtinha sobradoyou had remained
ele/elatinha sobradohe/she/it had remained
nóstínhamos sobradowe had remained
vóstínheis sobradoyou (pl.) had remained
vocêstinham sobradoyou (pl.) had remained
eles/elastinham sobradothey had remained

Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular

The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.

Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.

PronounPortuguese
euteria sobrado
tuterias sobrado
vocêteria sobrado
ele/elateria sobrado
nósteríamos sobrado
vósteríeis sobrado
vocêsteriam sobrado
eles/elasteriam sobrado

Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular

The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.

Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.

PronounPortugueseEnglish
euterei sobradoI will have remained
tuterás sobradoyou will have remained
vocêterá sobradoyou will have remained
ele/elaterá sobradohe/she/it will have remained
nósteremos sobradowe will have remained
vóstereis sobradoyou (pl.) will have remained
vocêsterão sobradoyou (pl.) will have remained
eles/elasterão sobradothey will have remained

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular

The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.

Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.

PronounPortuguese
eusobre
tusobres
vocêsobre
ele/elasobre
nóssobremos
vóssobreis
vocêssobrem
eles/elassobrem

Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular

The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.

Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.

PronounPortuguese
eusobrasse
tusobrasses
vocêsobrasse
ele/elasobrasse
nóssobrássemos
vóssobrásseis
vocêssobrassem
eles/elassobrassem

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular

The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.

Diga a verdade, por favor.

PronounPortuguese
tusobra
vocêsobre
ele/elasobre
nóssobremos
vóssobrai
vocêssobrem
eles/elassobrem

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular

Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.

Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.

PronounPortuguese
tunão sobres
vocênão sobre
ele/elanão sobre
nósnão sobremos
vósnão sobreis
vocêsnão sobrem
eles/elasnão sobrem