anotar — Spanish conjugation
to note (to write down for reference)
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The present tense is the most versatile tense in Spanish. It covers actions happening right now, habitual actions, and even near-future plans. One form does the work of three English constructions.
Ella habla inglés — She speaks / is speaking English
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | anoto | I note |
| tú | anotas | you note |
| vos | anotás | you note |
| él/ella/Ud. | anota | he/she/it notes |
| nosotros | anotamos | we note |
| vosotros | anotáis | you (pl.) note |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotan | they note |
Preterite (Pretérito indefinido) Regular
Used for completed past actions with a defined endpoint — a single event, a series of events, or an action that interrupted another. Common with time expressions like ayer, el lunes, una vez.
Ella habló de ti ayer — She spoke about you yesterday
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | anoté | I noted |
| tú | anotaste | you noted |
| vos | anotaste | you noted |
| él/ella/Ud. | anotó | he/she/it noted |
| nosotros | anotamos | we noted |
| vosotros | anotasteis | you (pl.) noted |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotaron | they noted |
Imperfect (Pretérito imperfecto) Regular
Describes ongoing or habitual past states — what things were like, background context, what used to happen. Contrasts with the preterite which marks completed events.
Cuando era niño vivía en Valencia — When I was a child I lived in Valencia
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | anotaba |
| tú | anotabas |
| vos | anotabas |
| él/ella/Ud. | anotaba |
| nosotros | anotábamos |
| vosotros | anotabais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotaban |
Conditional (Condicional) Regular
Expresses hypothetical actions, polite requests, and what would happen under certain conditions. Also used for reported speech about the future from a past perspective.
¿Podrías ayudarme? — Could you help me?
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | anotaría | I would note |
| tú | anotarías | you would note |
| vos | anotarías | you would note |
| él/ella/Ud. | anotaría | he/she/it would note |
| nosotros | anotaríamos | we would note |
| vosotros | anotaríais | you (pl.) would note |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotarían | they would note |
Future (Futuro) Regular
Expresses future actions, predictions, and probability about the present. Formed with the full infinitive as stem for most verbs. In spoken Spanish, ir a + infinitive is often preferred for near future.
Ella hablará en conferencia mañana — She will speak at the conference tomorrow
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | anotaré | I will note |
| tú | anotarás | you will note |
| vos | anotarás | you will note |
| él/ella/Ud. | anotará | he/she/it will note |
| nosotros | anotaremos | we will note |
| vosotros | anotaréis | you (pl.) will note |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotarán | they will note |
Present perfect (Pretérito perfecto) Regular
A compound past tense linking a past action to the present moment — something that has happened and still feels recent or relevant. More common in Spain than Latin America where preterite is preferred.
Hoy he hablado con el jefe — Today I have spoken with the boss
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | he anotado | I have noted |
| tú | has anotado | you have noted |
| vos | has anotado | you have noted |
| él/ella/Ud. | ha anotado | he/she/it has noted |
| nosotros | hemos anotado | we have noted |
| vosotros | habéis anotado | you (pl.) have noted |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | han anotado | they have noted |
Pluperfect (Pretérito pluscuamperfecto) Regular
The past of the past — describes an action that was already completed before another past event happened. Always implies a reference point in the past.
Ya había hablado cuando llegaste — She had already spoken when you arrived
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | había anotado | I had noted |
| tú | habías anotado | you had noted |
| vos | habías anotado | you had noted |
| él/ella/Ud. | había anotado | he/she/it had noted |
| nosotros | habíamos anotado | we had noted |
| vosotros | habíais anotado | you (pl.) had noted |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habían anotado | they had noted |
Conditional perfect (Condicional perfecto) Regular
Expresses what would have happened — actions that were possible but did not occur, or regrets about the past. Formed with conditional of haber + past participle.
Habría hablado, pero no me dejaron — I would have spoken, but they did not let me
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | habría anotado |
| tú | habrías anotado |
| vos | habrías anotado |
| él/ella/Ud. | habría anotado |
| nosotros | habríamos anotado |
| vosotros | habríais anotado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrían anotado |
Future perfect (Futuro perfecto) Regular
Describes an action that will have been completed by a certain point in the future, or expresses probability about a recent past action.
Para el lunes habré terminado — By Monday I will have finished
| Pronoun | Spanish | English |
|---|---|---|
| yo | habré anotado | I will have noted |
| tú | habrás anotado | you will have noted |
| vos | habrás anotado | you will have noted |
| él/ella/Ud. | habrá anotado | he/she/it will have noted |
| nosotros | habremos anotado | we will have noted |
| vosotros | habréis anotado | you (pl.) will have noted |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | habrán anotado | they will have noted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Subjuntivo presente) Regular
Used in subordinate clauses after expressions of desire, doubt, emotion, necessity, or impersonal statements. Triggered by a change of subject between the main and subordinate clause.
Espero que hable — I hope she speaks
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | anote |
| tú | anotes |
| vos | anotes |
| él/ella/Ud. | anote |
| nosotros | anotemos |
| vosotros | anotéis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anoten |
Imperfect subjunctive (-ra) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-ra)) Regular
The past subjunctive used after past main verbs, in if-clauses with conditional, and for polite softening. The -ra form is more common in everyday speech than the -se form.
Si pudiera, lo haría — If I could, I would do it
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | anotara |
| tú | anotaras |
| vos | anotaras |
| él/ella/Ud. | anotara |
| nosotros | anotáramos |
| vosotros | anotarais |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotaran |
Imperfect subjunctive (-se) (Subjuntivo imperfecto (-se)) Regular
The alternative past subjunctive form. Interchangeable with -ra in most contexts but slightly more literary or formal. Both forms are grammatically correct in all regions.
Si pudiese, lo haría — If I could, I would do it
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | anotase |
| tú | anotases |
| vos | anotases |
| él/ella/Ud. | anotase |
| nosotros | anotásemos |
| vosotros | anotaseis |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | anotasen |
Perfect subjunctive (Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo) Regular
A compound subjunctive that expresses completed actions in a subjunctive context — used after present or future main verbs expressing doubt, emotion or desire.
Dudo que ya haya llegado — I doubt she has already arrived
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | haya anotado |
| tú | hayas anotado |
| vos | hayas anotado |
| él/ella/Ud. | haya anotado |
| nosotros | hayamos anotado |
| vosotros | hayáis anotado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | hayan anotado |
Pluperfect subjunctive (Pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo) Regular
Expresses what had happened in hypothetical or unreal past contexts — the subjunctive equivalent of the pluperfect. Common in contrary-to-fact past conditions.
Si hubiera hablado, lo habrían creído — If she had spoken, they would have believed her
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | hubiera anotado |
| tú | hubieras anotado |
| vos | hubieras anotado |
| él/ella/Ud. | hubiera anotado |
| nosotros | hubiéramos anotado |
| vosotros | hubierais anotado |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | hubieran anotado |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular
Direct commands and instructions. The imperative only exists for tú, usted, nosotros, vosotros and ustedes — yo has no command form. Affirmative and negative forms use different conjugations.
Habla más despacio — Speak more slowly
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| tú | anota |
| vos | anotá |
| él/ella/Ud. | anote |
| nosotros | anotemos |
| vosotros | anotad |
| ustedes | anoten |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use the subjunctive forms for all persons. Formed with no + present subjunctive. This applies to all persons including tú where the affirmative uses a different form.
No hables tan rápido — Do not speak so fast
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| tú | no anotes |
| vos | no anotes |
| él/ella/Ud. | no anote |
| nosotros | no anotemos |
| vosotros | no anotéis |
| ustedes | no anoten |
Present progressive (Presente progresivo) Regular
Emphasises that an action is happening right now at this very moment. Less common than in English since the present tense already covers ongoing actions in Spanish.
Estoy hablando contigo — I am speaking with you
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estoy anotando |
| tú | estás anotando |
| vos | estás anotando |
| él/ella/Ud. | está anotando |
| nosotros | estamos anotando |
| vosotros | estáis anotando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | están anotando |
Preterite progressive (Pretérito indefinido progresivo) Regular
Describes an action that was in progress throughout a completed past period. Uses the preterite of estar + gerund to emphasise the ongoing nature within a defined timeframe.
Estuvo hablando toda la tarde — He was talking all afternoon
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estuve anotando |
| tú | estuviste anotando |
| vos | estuviste anotando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estuvo anotando |
| nosotros | estuvimos anotando |
| vosotros | estuvisteis anotando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estuvieron anotando |
Imperfect progressive (Pretérito imperfecto progresivo) Regular
Emphasises an ongoing background action using the imperfect of estar + gerund. Layered on top of the imperfect which already conveys continuity — used for extra emphasis on the progressive nature.
Estaba hablando cuando entró — I was speaking when he came in
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estaba anotando |
| tú | estabas anotando |
| vos | estabas anotando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estaba anotando |
| nosotros | estábamos anotando |
| vosotros | estabais anotando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estaban anotando |
Conditional progressive (Condicional progresivo) Regular
Expresses what would be in progress under hypothetical conditions. Uses the conditional of estar + gerund. Less common but used for emphasis on the ongoing nature of a hypothetical action.
Estaría hablando ahora si pudiera — I would be speaking now if I could
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estaría anotando |
| tú | estarías anotando |
| vos | estarías anotando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estaría anotando |
| nosotros | estaríamos anotando |
| vosotros | estaríais anotando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estarían anotando |
Future progressive (Futuro progresivo) Regular
Describes an action that will be in progress at a future point, or expresses probability about an ongoing present action. Uses the future of estar + gerund.
Mañana a esta hora estaré viajando — At this time tomorrow I will be travelling
| Pronoun | Spanish |
|---|---|
| yo | estaré anotando |
| tú | estarás anotando |
| vos | estarás anotando |
| él/ella/Ud. | estará anotando |
| nosotros | estaremos anotando |
| vosotros | estaréis anotando |
| ellos/ellas/Uds. | estarán anotando |