listen — German conjugation

to list, to put on a list

Frequency#281Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichlisteI list
dulistestyou list
er/sie/eslistethe/she/it lists
wirlistenwe list
ihrlistetyou (pl.) list
sie/Sielistenthey list

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichlisteteI listed
dulistetestyou listed
er/sie/eslistetehe/she/it listed
wirlistetenwe listed
ihrlistetetyou (pl.) listed
sie/Sielistetenthey listed

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe gelistetI have listed
duhast gelistetyou have listed
er/sie/eshat gelistethe/she/it has listed
wirhaben gelistetwe have listed
ihrhabt gelistetyou (pl.) have listed
sie/Siehaben gelistetthey have listed

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte gelistetI had listed
duhattest gelistetyou had listed
er/sie/eshatte gelistethe/she/it had listed
wirhatten gelistetwe had listed
ihrhattet gelistetyou (pl.) had listed
sie/Siehatten gelistetthey had listed

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde listenI will list
duwirst listenyou will list
er/sie/eswird listenhe/she/it will list
wirwerden listenwe will list
ihrwerdet listenyou (pl.) will list
sie/Siewerden listenthey will list

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde gelistet habenI will have listed
duwirst gelistet habenyou will have listed
er/sie/eswird gelistet habenhe/she/it will have listed
wirwerden gelistet habenwe will have listed
ihrwerdet gelistet habenyou (pl.) will have listed
sie/Siewerden gelistet habenthey will have listed

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichlistete
dulistetest
er/sie/eslistete
wirlisteten
ihrlistetet
sie/Sielisteten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duliste
ihrlistet