säumen — German conjugation

to delay

Frequency#1468Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichsäumeI delay
dusäumstyou delay
er/sie/essäumthe/she/it delays
wirsäumenwe delay
ihrsäumtyou (pl.) delay
sie/Siesäumenthey delay

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichsäumteI delayed
dusäumtestyou delayed
er/sie/essäumtehe/she/it delayed
wirsäumtenwe delayed
ihrsäumtetyou (pl.) delayed
sie/Siesäumtenthey delayed

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe gesäumtI have delayed
duhast gesäumtyou have delayed
er/sie/eshat gesäumthe/she/it has delayed
wirhaben gesäumtwe have delayed
ihrhabt gesäumtyou (pl.) have delayed
sie/Siehaben gesäumtthey have delayed

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte gesäumtI had delayed
duhattest gesäumtyou had delayed
er/sie/eshatte gesäumthe/she/it had delayed
wirhatten gesäumtwe had delayed
ihrhattet gesäumtyou (pl.) had delayed
sie/Siehatten gesäumtthey had delayed

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde säumenI will delay
duwirst säumenyou will delay
er/sie/eswird säumenhe/she/it will delay
wirwerden säumenwe will delay
ihrwerdet säumenyou (pl.) will delay
sie/Siewerden säumenthey will delay

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde gesäumt habenI will have delayed
duwirst gesäumt habenyou will have delayed
er/sie/eswird gesäumt habenhe/she/it will have delayed
wirwerden gesäumt habenwe will have delayed
ihrwerdet gesäumt habenyou (pl.) will have delayed
sie/Siewerden gesäumt habenthey will have delayed

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichsäumte
dusäumtest
er/sie/essäumte
wirsäumten
ihrsäumtet
sie/Siesäumten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
dusäume
ihrsäumt