schwitzen — German conjugation

to sweat

Frequency#157Regular

Indicative

Present (Präsens) Regular

Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.

Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichschwitzeI sweat
duschwitztyou sweat
er/sie/esschwitzthe/she/it sweats
wirschwitzenwe sweat
ihrschwitztyou (pl.) sweat
sie/Sieschwitzenthey sweat

Simple past (Präteritum) Regular

Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.

Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichschwitzteI sweated
duschwitztestyou sweated
er/sie/esschwitztehe/she/it sweated
wirschwitztenwe sweated
ihrschwitztetyou (pl.) sweated
sie/Sieschwitztenthey sweated

Present perfect (Perfekt) Regular

The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.

Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhabe geschwitztI have sweated
duhast geschwitztyou have sweated
er/sie/eshat geschwitzthe/she/it has sweated
wirhaben geschwitztwe have sweated
ihrhabt geschwitztyou (pl.) have sweated
sie/Siehaben geschwitztthey have sweated

Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Regular

The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.

Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichhatte geschwitztI had sweated
duhattest geschwitztyou had sweated
er/sie/eshatte geschwitzthe/she/it had sweated
wirhatten geschwitztwe had sweated
ihrhattet geschwitztyou (pl.) had sweated
sie/Siehatten geschwitztthey had sweated

Future I (Futur I) Regular

Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.

Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde schwitzenI will sweat
duwirst schwitzenyou will sweat
er/sie/eswird schwitzenhe/she/it will sweat
wirwerden schwitzenwe will sweat
ihrwerdet schwitzenyou (pl.) will sweat
sie/Siewerden schwitzenthey will sweat

Future II (Futur II) Regular

Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.

Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.

PronounGermanEnglish
ichwerde geschwitzt habenI will have sweated
duwirst geschwitzt habenyou will have sweated
er/sie/eswird geschwitzt habenhe/she/it will have sweated
wirwerden geschwitzt habenwe will have sweated
ihrwerdet geschwitzt habenyou (pl.) will have sweated
sie/Siewerden geschwitzt habenthey will have sweated

Subjunctive

Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Regular

Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.

Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?

PronounGerman
ichschwitzte
duschwitztest
er/sie/esschwitzte
wirschwitzten
ihrschwitztet
sie/Sieschwitzten

Other forms

Imperative (Imperativ) Regular

The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.

Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.

PronounGerman
duschwitze
ihrschwitzt