werfen — German conjugation
to throw
Indicative
Present (Präsens) Irregular
Präsens is the default present for facts, habits, and near-future plans. German has no continuous aspect in the same way as English, so a single form often covers both “I work” and “I am working” when you add a time adverb or context.
Ich arbeite heute im Homeoffice.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werfe | I throw |
| du | wirfst | you throw |
| er/sie/es | wirft | he/she/it throws |
| wir | werfen | we throw |
| ihr | werft | you (pl.) throw |
| sie/Sie | werfen | they throw |
Simple past (Präteritum) Irregular
Präteritum is a narrative past, common in print and in northern speech, while southern speakers lean on the perfect in conversation. sein and haben keep their Präteritum even when you otherwise avoid the preterite.
Er war müde, aber er hatte keinen Kaffee mehr.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | warf | I threw |
| du | warfst | you threw |
| er/sie/es | warf | he/she/it threw |
| wir | warfen | we threw |
| ihr | warft | you (pl.) threw |
| sie/Sie | warfen | they threw |
Present perfect (Perfekt) Irregular
The Perfekt is the everyday past for finished events: auxiliary haben or sein plus participle, with sein for most motion, coming/going, and some change-of-state verbs.
Wir sind rechtzeitig angekommen und haben gefeiert.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | habe geworfen | I have thrown |
| du | hast geworfen | you have thrown |
| er/sie/es | hat geworfen | he/she/it has thrown |
| wir | haben geworfen | we have thrown |
| ihr | habt geworfen | you (pl.) have thrown |
| sie/Sie | haben geworfen | they have thrown |
Pluperfect (Plusquamperfekt) Irregular
The Plusquamperfekt is the pluperfect: it marks what had already completed before a later past episode in the same narrative.
Sie war schon gegangen, bevor er ankam.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | hatte geworfen | I had thrown |
| du | hattest geworfen | you had thrown |
| er/sie/es | hatte geworfen | he/she/it had thrown |
| wir | hatten geworfen | we had thrown |
| ihr | hattet geworfen | you (pl.) had thrown |
| sie/Sie | hatten geworfen | they had thrown |
Future I (Futur I) Irregular
Futur I is for predictions, firm promises, and also probability about the present in colloquial German. Everyday speech very often uses Präsens plus a time expression instead.
Morgen schneit es, sagt der Wetterbericht.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde werfen | I will throw |
| du | wirst werfen | you will throw |
| er/sie/es | wird werfen | he/she/it will throw |
| wir | werden werfen | we will throw |
| ihr | werdet werfen | you (pl.) will throw |
| sie/Sie | werden werfen | they will throw |
Future II (Futur II) Irregular
Futur II (werden + participle + haben/sein) names an action that will be completed before a later time, and can also express a guess that something must already have happened.
Bis Freitag werde ich alles gepackt haben.
| Pronoun | German | English |
|---|---|---|
| ich | werde geworfen haben | I will have thrown |
| du | wirst geworfen haben | you will have thrown |
| er/sie/es | wird geworfen haben | he/she/it will have thrown |
| wir | werden geworfen haben | we will have thrown |
| ihr | werdet geworfen haben | you (pl.) will have thrown |
| sie/Sie | werden geworfen haben | they will have thrown |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II) Irregular
Konjunktiv II is the mood for politeness, contrary-to-fact if-clauses, and reported views. In speech, würde + infinitive often stands in for rarer preterit-based forms.
Könnten Sie mir bitte helfen?
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| ich | würfe |
| du | würfest |
| er/sie/es | würfe |
| wir | würfen |
| ihr | würfet |
| sie/Sie | würfen |
Other forms
Imperative (Imperativ) Irregular
The imperative uses the du, ihr, and Sie forms of command; the informal du form drops the -st of the present for many strong verbs, and separable-prefix verbs place the prefix at the end.
Mach bitte schnell, der Zug fährt gleich ab.
| Pronoun | German |
|---|---|
| du | wirf |
| ihr | werft |