accumulare — Italian conjugation
to accumulate
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | accumulo | I accumulate |
| tu | accumuli | you accumulate |
| lui/lei | accumula | he/she/it accumulates |
| noi | accumuliamo | we accumulate |
| voi | accumulate | you (pl.) accumulate |
| loro | accumulano | they accumulate |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | accumulai | I accumulated |
| tu | accumulasti | you accumulated |
| lui/lei | accumulò | he/she/it accumulated |
| noi | accumulammo | we accumulated |
| voi | accumulaste | you (pl.) accumulated |
| loro | accumularono | they accumulated |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | accumulavo |
| tu | accumulavi |
| lui/lei | accumulava |
| noi | accumulavamo |
| voi | accumulavate |
| loro | accumulavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | accumulerei | I would accumulate |
| tu | accumuleresti | you would accumulate |
| lui/lei | accumulerebbe | he/she/it would accumulate |
| noi | accumuleremmo | we would accumulate |
| voi | accumulereste | you (pl.) would accumulate |
| loro | accumulerebbero | they would accumulate |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | accumulerò | I will accumulate |
| tu | accumulerai | you will accumulate |
| lui/lei | accumulerà | he/she/it will accumulate |
| noi | accumuleremo | we will accumulate |
| voi | accumulerete | you (pl.) will accumulate |
| loro | accumuleranno | they will accumulate |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho accumulato | I have accumulated |
| tu | hai accumulato | you have accumulated |
| lui/lei | ha accumulato | he/she/it has accumulated |
| noi | abbiamo accumulato | we have accumulated |
| voi | avete accumulato | you (pl.) have accumulated |
| loro | hanno accumulato | they have accumulated |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo accumulato | I had accumulated |
| tu | avevi accumulato | you had accumulated |
| lui/lei | aveva accumulato | he/she/it had accumulated |
| noi | avevamo accumulato | we had accumulated |
| voi | avevate accumulato | you (pl.) had accumulated |
| loro | avevano accumulato | they had accumulated |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei accumulato |
| tu | avresti accumulato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe accumulato |
| noi | avremmo accumulato |
| voi | avreste accumulato |
| loro | avrebbero accumulato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò accumulato | I will have accumulated |
| tu | avrai accumulato | you will have accumulated |
| lui/lei | avrà accumulato | he/she/it will have accumulated |
| noi | avremo accumulato | we will have accumulated |
| voi | avrete accumulato | you (pl.) will have accumulated |
| loro | avranno accumulato | they will have accumulated |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | accumuli |
| tu | accumuli |
| lui/lei | accumuli |
| noi | accumuliamo |
| voi | accumuliate |
| loro | accumulino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | accumulassi |
| tu | accumulassi |
| lui/lei | accumulasse |
| noi | accumulassimo |
| voi | accumulaste |
| loro | accumulassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | accumula |
| lui/lei | accumuli |
| noi | accumuliamo |
| voi | accumulate |
| loro | accumulino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non accumulare |
| lui/lei | non accumuli |
| noi | non accumuliamo |
| voi | non accumulate |
| loro | non accumulino |