compiere — Italian conjugation
to complete
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | compio | I complete |
| tu | compi | you complete |
| lui/lei | compie | he/she/it completes |
| noi | compiamo | we complete |
| voi | compite | you (pl.) complete |
| loro | compiono | they complete |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | compii | I completed |
| tu | compisti | you completed |
| lui/lei | compì | he/she/it completed |
| noi | compimmo | we completed |
| voi | compiste | you (pl.) completed |
| loro | compirono | they completed |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Irregular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | compivo |
| tu | compivi |
| lui/lei | compiva |
| noi | compivamo |
| voi | compivate |
| loro | compivano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | compierei | I would complete |
| tu | compieresti | you would complete |
| lui/lei | compierebbe | he/she/it would complete |
| noi | compieremmo | we would complete |
| voi | compiereste | you (pl.) would complete |
| loro | compierebbero | they would complete |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | compierò | I will complete |
| tu | compierai | you will complete |
| lui/lei | compierà | he/she/it will complete |
| noi | compieremo | we will complete |
| voi | compierete | you (pl.) will complete |
| loro | compieranno | they will complete |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho compiuto | I have completed |
| tu | hai compiuto | you have completed |
| lui/lei | ha compiuto | he/she/it has completed |
| noi | abbiamo compiuto | we have completed |
| voi | avete compiuto | you (pl.) have completed |
| loro | hanno compiuto | they have completed |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo compiuto | I had completed |
| tu | avevi compiuto | you had completed |
| lui/lei | aveva compiuto | he/she/it had completed |
| noi | avevamo compiuto | we had completed |
| voi | avevate compiuto | you (pl.) had completed |
| loro | avevano compiuto | they had completed |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei compiuto |
| tu | avresti compiuto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe compiuto |
| noi | avremmo compiuto |
| voi | avreste compiuto |
| loro | avrebbero compiuto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò compiuto | I will have completed |
| tu | avrai compiuto | you will have completed |
| lui/lei | avrà compiuto | he/she/it will have completed |
| noi | avremo compiuto | we will have completed |
| voi | avrete compiuto | you (pl.) will have completed |
| loro | avranno compiuto | they will have completed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | compia |
| tu | compia |
| lui/lei | compia |
| noi | compiamo |
| voi | compiate |
| loro | compiano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | compissi |
| tu | compissi |
| lui/lei | compisse |
| noi | compissimo |
| voi | compiste |
| loro | compissero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Irregular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | compi |
| lui/lei | compia |
| noi | compiamo |
| voi | compite |
| loro | compiano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Irregular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non compiere |
| lui/lei | non compia |
| noi | non compiamo |
| voi | non compite |
| loro | non compiano |