cucire — Italian conjugation

to sew

Frequency#187Irregular

Indicative

Present (Presente) Irregular

The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.

Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocucioI sew
tucuciyou sew
lui/leicucehe/she/it sews
noicuciamowe sew
voicuciteyou (pl.) sew
lorocucionothey sew

Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular

The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.

Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocuciiI sewed
tucucistiyou sewed
lui/leicucìhe/she/it sewed
noicucimmowe sewed
voicucisteyou (pl.) sewed
lorocucironothey sewed

Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular

The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.

Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.

PronounItalian
iocucivo
tucucivi
lui/leicuciva
noicucivamo
voicucivate
lorocucivano

Conditional (Condizionale) Regular

The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.

Potresti alzare un poco la voce?

PronounItalianEnglish
iocucireiI would sew
tucucirestiyou would sew
lui/leicucirebbehe/she/it would sew
noicuciremmowe would sew
voicuciresteyou (pl.) would sew
lorocucirebberothey would sew

Future (Futuro semplice) Regular

The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.

Domani partiremo all'alba.

PronounItalianEnglish
iocuciròI will sew
tucuciraiyou will sew
lui/leicuciràhe/she/it will sew
noicuciremowe will sew
voicucireteyou (pl.) will sew
lorocucirannothey will sew

Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular

The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.

Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioho cucitoI have sewn
tuhai cucitoyou have sewn
lui/leiha cucitohe/she/it has sewn
noiabbiamo cucitowe have sewn
voiavete cucitoyou (pl.) have sewn
lorohanno cucitothey have sewn

Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular

The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.

Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioavevo cucitoI had sewn
tuavevi cucitoyou had sewn
lui/leiaveva cucitohe/she/it had sewn
noiavevamo cucitowe had sewn
voiavevate cucitoyou (pl.) had sewn
loroavevano cucitothey had sewn

Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular

The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.

Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.

PronounItalian
ioavrei cucito
tuavresti cucito
lui/leiavrebbe cucito
noiavremmo cucito
voiavreste cucito
loroavrebbero cucito

Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular

The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.

Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.

PronounItalianEnglish
ioavrò cucitoI will have sewn
tuavrai cucitoyou will have sewn
lui/leiavrà cucitohe/she/it will have sewn
noiavremo cucitowe will have sewn
voiavrete cucitoyou (pl.) will have sewn
loroavranno cucitothey will have sewn

Subjunctive

Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Irregular

The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.

Penso che sia la scelta giusta.

PronounItalian
iocucia
tucucia
lui/leicucia
noicuciamo
voicuciate
lorocuciano

Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular

The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.

Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.

PronounItalian
iocucissi
tucucissi
lui/leicucisse
noicucissimo
voicuciste
lorocucissero

Other forms

Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Irregular

The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.

Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.

PronounItalian
tucuci
lui/leicucia
noicuciamo
voicucite
lorocuciano

Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Irregular

Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.

Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.

PronounItalian
tunon cucire
lui/leinon cucia
noinon cuciamo
voinon cucite
loronon cuciano