disturbare — Italian conjugation
to disturb
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | disturbo | I disturb |
| tu | disturbi | you disturb |
| lui/lei | disturba | he/she/it disturbs |
| noi | disturbiamo | we disturb |
| voi | disturbate | you (pl.) disturb |
| loro | disturbano | they disturb |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | disturbai | I disturbed |
| tu | disturbasti | you disturbed |
| lui/lei | disturbò | he/she/it disturbed |
| noi | disturbammo | we disturbed |
| voi | disturbaste | you (pl.) disturbed |
| loro | disturbarono | they disturbed |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | disturbavo |
| tu | disturbavi |
| lui/lei | disturbava |
| noi | disturbavamo |
| voi | disturbavate |
| loro | disturbavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | disturberei | I would disturb |
| tu | disturberesti | you would disturb |
| lui/lei | disturberebbe | he/she/it would disturb |
| noi | disturberemmo | we would disturb |
| voi | disturbereste | you (pl.) would disturb |
| loro | disturberebbero | they would disturb |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | disturberò | I will disturb |
| tu | disturberai | you will disturb |
| lui/lei | disturberà | he/she/it will disturb |
| noi | disturberemo | we will disturb |
| voi | disturberete | you (pl.) will disturb |
| loro | disturberanno | they will disturb |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho disturbato | I have disturbed |
| tu | hai disturbato | you have disturbed |
| lui/lei | ha disturbato | he/she/it has disturbed |
| noi | abbiamo disturbato | we have disturbed |
| voi | avete disturbato | you (pl.) have disturbed |
| loro | hanno disturbato | they have disturbed |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo disturbato | I had disturbed |
| tu | avevi disturbato | you had disturbed |
| lui/lei | aveva disturbato | he/she/it had disturbed |
| noi | avevamo disturbato | we had disturbed |
| voi | avevate disturbato | you (pl.) had disturbed |
| loro | avevano disturbato | they had disturbed |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei disturbato |
| tu | avresti disturbato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe disturbato |
| noi | avremmo disturbato |
| voi | avreste disturbato |
| loro | avrebbero disturbato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò disturbato | I will have disturbed |
| tu | avrai disturbato | you will have disturbed |
| lui/lei | avrà disturbato | he/she/it will have disturbed |
| noi | avremo disturbato | we will have disturbed |
| voi | avrete disturbato | you (pl.) will have disturbed |
| loro | avranno disturbato | they will have disturbed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | disturbi |
| tu | disturbi |
| lui/lei | disturbi |
| noi | disturbiamo |
| voi | disturbiate |
| loro | disturbino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | disturbassi |
| tu | disturbassi |
| lui/lei | disturbasse |
| noi | disturbassimo |
| voi | disturbaste |
| loro | disturbassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | disturba |
| lui/lei | disturbi |
| noi | disturbiamo |
| voi | disturbate |
| loro | disturbino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non disturbare |
| lui/lei | non disturbi |
| noi | non disturbiamo |
| voi | non disturbate |
| loro | non disturbino |