durare — Italian conjugation
to last
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | duro | I last |
| tu | duri | you last |
| lui/lei | dura | he/she/it lasts |
| noi | duriamo | we last |
| voi | durate | you (pl.) last |
| loro | durano | they last |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | durai | I lasted |
| tu | durasti | you lasted |
| lui/lei | durò | he/she/it lasted |
| noi | durammo | we lasted |
| voi | duraste | you (pl.) lasted |
| loro | durarono | they lasted |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | duravo |
| tu | duravi |
| lui/lei | durava |
| noi | duravamo |
| voi | duravate |
| loro | duravano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | durerei | I would last |
| tu | dureresti | you would last |
| lui/lei | durerebbe | he/she/it would last |
| noi | dureremmo | we would last |
| voi | durereste | you (pl.) would last |
| loro | durerebbero | they would last |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | durerò | I will last |
| tu | durerai | you will last |
| lui/lei | durerà | he/she/it will last |
| noi | dureremo | we will last |
| voi | durerete | you (pl.) will last |
| loro | dureranno | they will last |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sono durato/a | I have lasted |
| tu | sei durato/a | you have lasted |
| lui/lei | è durato/a | he/she/it has lasted |
| noi | siamo durati/e | we have lasted |
| voi | siete durati/e | you (pl.) have lasted |
| loro | sono durati/e | they have lasted |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ero durato/a | I had lasted |
| tu | eri durato/a | you had lasted |
| lui/lei | era durato/a | he/she/it had lasted |
| noi | eravamo durati/e | we had lasted |
| voi | eravate durati/e | you (pl.) had lasted |
| loro | erano durati/e | they had lasted |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sarei durato/a |
| tu | saresti durato/a |
| lui/lei | sarebbe durato/a |
| noi | saremmo durati/e |
| voi | sareste durati/e |
| loro | sarebbero durati/e |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sarò durato/a | I will have lasted |
| tu | sarai durato/a | you will have lasted |
| lui/lei | sarà durato/a | he/she/it will have lasted |
| noi | saremo durati/e | we will have lasted |
| voi | sarete durati/e | you (pl.) will have lasted |
| loro | saranno durati/e | they will have lasted |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | duri |
| tu | duri |
| lui/lei | duri |
| noi | duriamo |
| voi | duriate |
| loro | durino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | durassi |
| tu | durassi |
| lui/lei | durasse |
| noi | durassimo |
| voi | duraste |
| loro | durassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | dura |
| lui/lei | duri |
| noi | duriamo |
| voi | durate |
| loro | durino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non durare |
| lui/lei | non duri |
| noi | non duriamo |
| voi | non durate |
| loro | non durino |