espandere — Italian conjugation
to expand
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | espando | I expand |
| tu | espandi | you expand |
| lui/lei | espande | he/she/it expands |
| noi | espandiamo | we expand |
| voi | espandete | you (pl.) expand |
| loro | espandono | they expand |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | espansi | I expanded |
| tu | espandesti | you expanded |
| lui/lei | espanse | he/she/it expanded |
| noi | espandemmo | we expanded |
| voi | espandeste | you (pl.) expanded |
| loro | espansero | they expanded |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | espandevo |
| tu | espandevi |
| lui/lei | espandeva |
| noi | espandevamo |
| voi | espandevate |
| loro | espandevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | espanderei | I would expand |
| tu | espanderesti | you would expand |
| lui/lei | espanderebbe | he/she/it would expand |
| noi | espanderemmo | we would expand |
| voi | espandereste | you (pl.) would expand |
| loro | espanderebbero | they would expand |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | espanderò | I will expand |
| tu | espanderai | you will expand |
| lui/lei | espanderà | he/she/it will expand |
| noi | espanderemo | we will expand |
| voi | espanderete | you (pl.) will expand |
| loro | espanderanno | they will expand |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho espanso | I have expanded |
| tu | hai espanso | you have expanded |
| lui/lei | ha espanso | he/she/it has expanded |
| noi | abbiamo espanso | we have expanded |
| voi | avete espanso | you (pl.) have expanded |
| loro | hanno espanso | they have expanded |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo espanso | I had expanded |
| tu | avevi espanso | you had expanded |
| lui/lei | aveva espanso | he/she/it had expanded |
| noi | avevamo espanso | we had expanded |
| voi | avevate espanso | you (pl.) had expanded |
| loro | avevano espanso | they had expanded |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei espanso |
| tu | avresti espanso |
| lui/lei | avrebbe espanso |
| noi | avremmo espanso |
| voi | avreste espanso |
| loro | avrebbero espanso |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò espanso | I will have expanded |
| tu | avrai espanso | you will have expanded |
| lui/lei | avrà espanso | he/she/it will have expanded |
| noi | avremo espanso | we will have expanded |
| voi | avrete espanso | you (pl.) will have expanded |
| loro | avranno espanso | they will have expanded |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | espanda |
| tu | espanda |
| lui/lei | espanda |
| noi | espandiamo |
| voi | espandiate |
| loro | espandano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | espandessi |
| tu | espandessi |
| lui/lei | espandesse |
| noi | espandessimo |
| voi | espandeste |
| loro | espandessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | espandi |
| lui/lei | espanda |
| noi | espandiamo |
| voi | espandete |
| loro | espandano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non espandere |
| lui/lei | non espanda |
| noi | non espandiamo |
| voi | non espandete |
| loro | non espandano |