spargere — Italian conjugation
to spread
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | spargo | I spread |
| tu | spargi | you spread |
| lui/lei | sparge | he/she/it spreads |
| noi | spargiamo | we spread |
| voi | spargete | you (pl.) spread |
| loro | spargono | they spread |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | sparsi | I spread |
| tu | spargesti | you spread |
| lui/lei | sparse | he/she/it spread |
| noi | spargemmo | we spread |
| voi | spargeste | you (pl.) spread |
| loro | sparsero | they spread |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | spargevo |
| tu | spargevi |
| lui/lei | spargeva |
| noi | spargevamo |
| voi | spargevate |
| loro | spargevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | spargerei | I would spread |
| tu | spargeresti | you would spread |
| lui/lei | spargerebbe | he/she/it would spread |
| noi | spargeremmo | we would spread |
| voi | spargereste | you (pl.) would spread |
| loro | spargerebbero | they would spread |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | spargerò | I will spread |
| tu | spargerai | you will spread |
| lui/lei | spargerà | he/she/it will spread |
| noi | spargeremo | we will spread |
| voi | spargerete | you (pl.) will spread |
| loro | spargeranno | they will spread |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho sparso | I have spread |
| tu | hai sparso | you have spread |
| lui/lei | ha sparso | he/she/it has spread |
| noi | abbiamo sparso | we have spread |
| voi | avete sparso | you (pl.) have spread |
| loro | hanno sparso | they have spread |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo sparso | I had spread |
| tu | avevi sparso | you had spread |
| lui/lei | aveva sparso | he/she/it had spread |
| noi | avevamo sparso | we had spread |
| voi | avevate sparso | you (pl.) had spread |
| loro | avevano sparso | they had spread |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei sparso |
| tu | avresti sparso |
| lui/lei | avrebbe sparso |
| noi | avremmo sparso |
| voi | avreste sparso |
| loro | avrebbero sparso |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò sparso | I will have spread |
| tu | avrai sparso | you will have spread |
| lui/lei | avrà sparso | he/she/it will have spread |
| noi | avremo sparso | we will have spread |
| voi | avrete sparso | you (pl.) will have spread |
| loro | avranno sparso | they will have spread |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | sparga |
| tu | sparga |
| lui/lei | sparga |
| noi | spargiamo |
| voi | spargiate |
| loro | spargano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | spargessi |
| tu | spargessi |
| lui/lei | spargesse |
| noi | spargessimo |
| voi | spargeste |
| loro | spargessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | spargi |
| lui/lei | sparga |
| noi | spargiamo |
| voi | spargete |
| loro | spargano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non spargere |
| lui/lei | non sparga |
| noi | non spargiamo |
| voi | non spargete |
| loro | non spargano |