prosperare — Italian conjugation
to prosper
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | prospero | I prosper |
| tu | prosperi | you prosper |
| lui/lei | prospera | he/she/it prospers |
| noi | prosperiamo | we prosper |
| voi | prosperate | you (pl.) prosper |
| loro | prosperano | they prosper |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Regular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | prosperai | I prospered |
| tu | prosperasti | you prospered |
| lui/lei | prosperò | he/she/it prospered |
| noi | prosperammo | we prospered |
| voi | prosperaste | you (pl.) prospered |
| loro | prosperarono | they prospered |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | prosperavo |
| tu | prosperavi |
| lui/lei | prosperava |
| noi | prosperavamo |
| voi | prosperavate |
| loro | prosperavano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | prospererei | I would prosper |
| tu | prospereresti | you would prosper |
| lui/lei | prospererebbe | he/she/it would prosper |
| noi | prospereremmo | we would prosper |
| voi | prosperereste | you (pl.) would prosper |
| loro | prospererebbero | they would prosper |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | prospererò | I will prosper |
| tu | prospererai | you will prosper |
| lui/lei | prospererà | he/she/it will prosper |
| noi | prospereremo | we will prosper |
| voi | prospererete | you (pl.) will prosper |
| loro | prospereranno | they will prosper |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho prosperato | I have prospered |
| tu | hai prosperato | you have prospered |
| lui/lei | ha prosperato | he/she/it has prospered |
| noi | abbiamo prosperato | we have prospered |
| voi | avete prosperato | you (pl.) have prospered |
| loro | hanno prosperato | they have prospered |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo prosperato | I had prospered |
| tu | avevi prosperato | you had prospered |
| lui/lei | aveva prosperato | he/she/it had prospered |
| noi | avevamo prosperato | we had prospered |
| voi | avevate prosperato | you (pl.) had prospered |
| loro | avevano prosperato | they had prospered |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei prosperato |
| tu | avresti prosperato |
| lui/lei | avrebbe prosperato |
| noi | avremmo prosperato |
| voi | avreste prosperato |
| loro | avrebbero prosperato |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò prosperato | I will have prospered |
| tu | avrai prosperato | you will have prospered |
| lui/lei | avrà prosperato | he/she/it will have prospered |
| noi | avremo prosperato | we will have prospered |
| voi | avrete prosperato | you (pl.) will have prospered |
| loro | avranno prosperato | they will have prospered |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | prosperi |
| tu | prosperi |
| lui/lei | prosperi |
| noi | prosperiamo |
| voi | prosperiate |
| loro | prosperino |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | prosperassi |
| tu | prosperassi |
| lui/lei | prosperasse |
| noi | prosperassimo |
| voi | prosperaste |
| loro | prosperassero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | prospera |
| lui/lei | prosperi |
| noi | prosperiamo |
| voi | prosperate |
| loro | prosperino |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non prosperare |
| lui/lei | non prosperi |
| noi | non prosperiamo |
| voi | non prosperate |
| loro | non prosperino |