vincere — Italian conjugation
to win
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vinco | I win |
| tu | vinci | you win |
| lui/lei | vince | he/she/it wins |
| noi | vinciamo | we win |
| voi | vincete | you (pl.) win |
| loro | vincono | they win |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vinsi | I won |
| tu | vincesti | you won |
| lui/lei | vinse | he/she/it won |
| noi | vincemmo | we won |
| voi | vinceste | you (pl.) won |
| loro | vinsero | they won |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | vincevo |
| tu | vincevi |
| lui/lei | vinceva |
| noi | vincevamo |
| voi | vincevate |
| loro | vincevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vincerei | I would win |
| tu | vinceresti | you would win |
| lui/lei | vincerebbe | he/she/it would win |
| noi | vinceremmo | we would win |
| voi | vincereste | you (pl.) would win |
| loro | vincerebbero | they would win |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | vincerò | I will win |
| tu | vincerai | you will win |
| lui/lei | vincerà | he/she/it will win |
| noi | vinceremo | we will win |
| voi | vincerete | you (pl.) will win |
| loro | vinceranno | they will win |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho vinto | I have won |
| tu | hai vinto | you have won |
| lui/lei | ha vinto | he/she/it has won |
| noi | abbiamo vinto | we have won |
| voi | avete vinto | you (pl.) have won |
| loro | hanno vinto | they have won |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo vinto | I had won |
| tu | avevi vinto | you had won |
| lui/lei | aveva vinto | he/she/it had won |
| noi | avevamo vinto | we had won |
| voi | avevate vinto | you (pl.) had won |
| loro | avevano vinto | they had won |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei vinto |
| tu | avresti vinto |
| lui/lei | avrebbe vinto |
| noi | avremmo vinto |
| voi | avreste vinto |
| loro | avrebbero vinto |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò vinto | I will have won |
| tu | avrai vinto | you will have won |
| lui/lei | avrà vinto | he/she/it will have won |
| noi | avremo vinto | we will have won |
| voi | avrete vinto | you (pl.) will have won |
| loro | avranno vinto | they will have won |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | vinca |
| tu | vinca |
| lui/lei | vinca |
| noi | vinciamo |
| voi | vinciate |
| loro | vincano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | vincessi |
| tu | vincessi |
| lui/lei | vincesse |
| noi | vincessimo |
| voi | vinceste |
| loro | vincessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | vinci |
| lui/lei | vinca |
| noi | vinciamo |
| voi | vincete |
| loro | vincano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non vincere |
| lui/lei | non vinca |
| noi | non vinciamo |
| voi | non vincete |
| loro | non vincano |