nascer — Portuguese conjugation
to be born
Indicative
Present (Presente) Irregular
The presente covers routines, states, and immediate future with adverbs like hoje or amanhã. One present form covers both English simple and progressive readings in most situations.
Ela estuda português todas as noites.
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | nasço | I am born |
| tu | nasces | you are born |
| você | nasce | you are born |
| ele/ela | nasce | he/she/it is born |
| nós | nascemos | we are born |
| vós | nasceis | you (pl.) are born |
| vocês | nascem | you (pl.) are born |
| eles/elas | nascem | they are born |
Preterite (Pretérito perfeito simples) Regular
The pretérito perfeito simples is a sharp, completed past. In European Portuguese it is the standard story-telling past; Brazilian usage often prefers the compound form in speech while keeping the simple for narrative and writing.
Ontem escreveu a carta inteira de uma vez.
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | nasci | I was born |
| tu | nasceste | you were born |
| você | nasceu | you were born |
| ele/ela | nasceu | he/she/it was born |
| nós | nascemos | we were born |
| vós | nascestes | you (pl.) were born |
| vocês | nasceram | you (pl.) were born |
| eles/elas | nasceram | they were born |
Imperfect (Pretérito imperfeito) Regular
The imperfeito describes past background, repeated actions, and how things used to be. Contrast it with the simple preterite for the “main event” line of a story.
Quando era criança, brincava na praia.
| Pronoun | Portuguese |
|---|---|
| eu | nascia |
| tu | nascias |
| você | nascia |
| ele/ela | nascia |
| nós | nascíamos |
| vós | nascíeis |
| vocês | nasciam |
| eles/elas | nasciam |
Conditional (Condicional) Regular
The condicional is for polite offers, soft questions, and hypothetical “would” outcomes, and it often closes a se + imperfeito do subjuntivo chain in formal style.
Você poderia me explicar outra vez?
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | nasceria | I would be born |
| tu | nascerias | you would be born |
| você | nasceria | you would be born |
| ele/ela | nasceria | he/she/it would be born |
| nós | nasceríamos | we would be born |
| vós | nasceríeis | you (pl.) would be born |
| vocês | nasceriam | you (pl.) would be born |
| eles/elas | nasceriam | they would be born |
Future (Futuro do presente) Regular
The futuro do presente states future facts; in everyday conversation you will often hear ir + infinitive or even the present with a time adverb instead of the synthetic future.
Amanhã faremos a reunião mais cedo.
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | nascerei | I will be born |
| tu | nascerás | you will be born |
| você | nascerá | you will be born |
| ele/ela | nascerá | he/she/it will be born |
| nós | nasceremos | we will be born |
| vós | nascereis | you (pl.) will be born |
| vocês | nascerão | you (pl.) will be born |
| eles/elas | nascerão | they will be born |
Present perfect (Pretérito perfeito composto) Regular
The pretérito perfeito composto uses ter or haver plus the participle for a past that still touches the present or happens repeatedly up to now — a “have done” perfect with strong links to European norms.
Tenho pensado nisso há semanas.
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | tenho nascido | I have been born |
| tu | tens nascido | you have been born |
| você | tem nascido | you have been born |
| ele/ela | tem nascido | he/she/it has been born |
| nós | temos nascido | we have been born |
| vós | tendes nascido | you (pl.) have been born |
| vocês | têm nascido | you (pl.) have been born |
| eles/elas | têm nascido | they have been born |
Pluperfect (Mais-que-perfeito composto) Regular
The mais-que-perfeito composto is the pluperfect: an action was already finished before another past reference. It mirrors the English “had already”.
Já tinham saído quando chegámos.
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | tinha nascido | I had been born |
| tu | tinhas nascido | you had been born |
| você | tinha nascido | you had been born |
| ele/ela | tinha nascido | he/she/it had been born |
| nós | tínhamos nascido | we had been born |
| vós | tínheis nascido | you (pl.) had been born |
| vocês | tinham nascido | you (pl.) had been born |
| eles/elas | tinham nascido | they had been born |
Conditional perfect (Condicional composto) Regular
The condicional composto expresses a counterfactual “would have” and appears with the right kind of if-clause in the subjunctive past for unreal conditions.
Teria aceite se tiveses avisado com antecedência.
| Pronoun | Portuguese |
|---|---|
| eu | teria nascido |
| tu | terias nascido |
| você | teria nascido |
| ele/ela | teria nascido |
| nós | teríamos nascido |
| vós | teríeis nascido |
| vocês | teriam nascido |
| eles/elas | teriam nascido |
Future perfect (Futuro composto) Regular
The futuro composto is the future-in-the-future: something will be finished before a later time. It is less frequent than the simple future but still useful for deadlines.
Até sexta, teremos lido tudo o relatório.
| Pronoun | Portuguese | English |
|---|---|---|
| eu | terei nascido | I will have been born |
| tu | terás nascido | you will have been born |
| você | terá nascido | you will have been born |
| ele/ela | terá nascido | he/she/it will have been born |
| nós | teremos nascido | we will have been born |
| vós | tereis nascido | you (pl.) will have been born |
| vocês | terão nascido | you (pl.) will have been born |
| eles/elas | terão nascido | they will have been born |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Conjuntivo presente) Regular
The present subjunctive appears after want, hope, fear, and impersonal triggers, and typically requires a new subject in the subordinate clause, just as in the other main Romance languages.
Espero que encontres o caminho fácil.
| Pronoun | Portuguese |
|---|---|
| eu | nasça |
| tu | nasças |
| você | nasça |
| ele/ela | nasça |
| nós | nasçamos |
| vós | nasçais |
| vocês | nasçam |
| eles/elas | nasçam |
Imperfect subjunctive (Conjuntivo pretérito imperf.) Regular
The imperfect subjunctive in se + subjunctive → condicional is the classic “if I were a rich man” line in European Portuguese, parallel to the Spanish -ra form.
Se tivesse mais tempo, aprenderia outro idioma.
| Pronoun | Portuguese |
|---|---|
| eu | nascesse |
| tu | nascesses |
| você | nascesse |
| ele/ela | nascesse |
| nós | nascêssemos |
| vós | nascêsseis |
| vocês | nascessem |
| eles/elas | nascessem |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo afirmativo) Regular
The affirmative imperative in Portuguese is built with tu, você, nós, vós, and vocês forms; Brazilian norms favour você/vocês with third-person present verb shapes.
Diga a verdade, por favor.
| Pronoun | Portuguese |
|---|---|
| tu | nasce |
| você | nasça |
| ele/ela | nasça |
| nós | nasçamos |
| vós | nascei |
| vocês | nasçam |
| eles/elas | nasçam |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands require não plus the present subjunctive for each person, which is a distinctive feature compared to other Romance systems that reuse present indicative in some slots.
Não falemos com pressa, está tudo calmo.
| Pronoun | Portuguese |
|---|---|
| tu | não nasças |
| você | não nasça |
| ele/ela | não nasça |
| nós | não nasçamos |
| vós | não nasçais |
| vocês | não nasçam |
| eles/elas | não nasçam |