ridere — Italian conjugation
to laugh
Indicative
Present (Presente) Regular
The presente covers habits, ongoing situations, and plans about to start — much like English “I study” and “I am studying”. One present tense does both in Italian.
Lavora da casa tre giorni a settimana.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | rido | I laugh |
| tu | ridi | you laugh |
| lui/lei | ride | he/she/it laughs |
| noi | ridiamo | we laugh |
| voi | ridete | you (pl.) laugh |
| loro | ridono | they laugh |
Simple past (Passato remoto) Irregular
The passato remoto tells a completed, narrative past, especially in the south and in literature. The passato prossimo is the normal spoken past in the north, so you choose register and region, not a difference in time alone.
Quella sera arrivò tardi, senza alibi.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | risi | I laughed |
| tu | ridesti | you laughed |
| lui/lei | rise | he/she/it laughed |
| noi | ridemmo | we laughed |
| voi | rideste | you (pl.) laughed |
| loro | risero | they laughed |
Imperfect (Imperfetto) Regular
The imperfetto is for incomplete past actions, context, and repeated or habitual situations without a clear end. The passato prossimo, not the remoto, is its usual “event” partner in speech.
Da bambina passavo le estati al mare.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ridevo |
| tu | ridevi |
| lui/lei | rideva |
| noi | ridevamo |
| voi | ridevate |
| loro | ridevano |
Conditional (Condizionale) Regular
The condizionale is for polite “would you…”, first-condition hypotheticals, and reported future from a past point of view. The classic if-chain is se + imperfetto → condizionale.
Potresti alzare un poco la voce?
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | riderei | I would laugh |
| tu | rideresti | you would laugh |
| lui/lei | riderebbe | he/she/it would laugh |
| noi | rideremmo | we would laugh |
| voi | ridereste | you (pl.) would laugh |
| loro | riderebbero | they would laugh |
Future (Futuro semplice) Regular
The futuro semplice is for predictions and far decisions. In speech you often hear the present (with a time adverb) or a paraphrase, and a famous trick is the futuro di probabilità for a present guess: saranno le tre.
Domani partiremo all'alba.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | riderò | I will laugh |
| tu | riderai | you will laugh |
| lui/lei | riderà | he/she/it will laugh |
| noi | rideremo | we will laugh |
| voi | riderete | you (pl.) will laugh |
| loro | rideranno | they will laugh |
Present perfect (Passato prossimo) Regular
The passato prossimo is the workhorse preterit-like past in the north and in everyday Italian: avere/essere + participle, essere for reflexives, motion, and other change-of-state patterns.
Siamo andati a piedi, poi abbiamo preso l'autobus.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | ho riso | I have laughed |
| tu | hai riso | you have laughed |
| lui/lei | ha riso | he/she/it has laughed |
| noi | abbiamo riso | we have laughed |
| voi | avete riso | you (pl.) have laughed |
| loro | hanno riso | they have laughed |
Pluperfect (Trapassato prossimo) Regular
The trapassato prossimo is “further in the past than another past” — the Italian pluperfect. It pairs with a main past clause to mark sequence.
Avevamo già mangiato quando suonò il telefono.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avevo riso | I had laughed |
| tu | avevi riso | you had laughed |
| lui/lei | aveva riso | he/she/it had laughed |
| noi | avevamo riso | we had laughed |
| voi | avevate riso | you (pl.) had laughed |
| loro | avevano riso | they had laughed |
Conditional perfect (Condizionale passato) Regular
The condizionale passato is for unreal or missed past results and often appears with se + trapassato prossimo in the protasis.
Avrei accettato, se mi avessero avvisato in tempo.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | avrei riso |
| tu | avresti riso |
| lui/lei | avrebbe riso |
| noi | avremmo riso |
| voi | avreste riso |
| loro | avrebbero riso |
Future perfect (Futuro anteriore) Regular
The futuro anteriore says something will already be over before a still-later future, or, like the French, can express a logical guess about a past result.
Entro le cinque, avrà già lasciato l'ufficio.
| Pronoun | Italian | English |
|---|---|---|
| io | avrò riso | I will have laughed |
| tu | avrai riso | you will have laughed |
| lui/lei | avrà riso | he/she/it will have laughed |
| noi | avremo riso | we will have laughed |
| voi | avrete riso | you (pl.) will have laughed |
| loro | avranno riso | they will have laughed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive (Congiuntivo presente) Regular
The congiuntivo presente is required after many verbs and fixed phrases of will, fear, purpose, and doubt. Impersonal and semi-impersonal triggers (è importante che) also force the subjunctive mood.
Penso che sia la scelta giusta.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | rida |
| tu | rida |
| lui/lei | rida |
| noi | ridiamo |
| voi | ridiate |
| loro | ridano |
Imperfect subjunctive (Congiuntivo imperfetto) Regular
The congiuntivo imperfetto is the past of the congiuntivo system after a past matrix clause and in se + congi. imperf. → condizionale with unreal conditions.
Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei ogni mese.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| io | ridessi |
| tu | ridessi |
| lui/lei | ridesse |
| noi | ridessimo |
| voi | rideste |
| loro | ridessero |
Other forms
Imperative (affirmative) (Imperativo) Regular
The affirmative imperativo reuses the tu form as 3sg for -are verbs, while other conjugations use the normal tu present. It is the direct command register.
Raccontami com'è andata l'esame.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | ridi |
| lui/lei | rida |
| noi | ridiamo |
| voi | ridete |
| loro | ridano |
Imperative (negative) (Imperativo negativo) Regular
Negative commands use non + full infinitive in modern Italian, which is a distinctive rule compared to other Romance languages. Polite or indirect “please don’t” can still soften the tone in context.
Non aprire quella finestra, per favore.
| Pronoun | Italian |
|---|---|
| tu | non ridere |
| lui/lei | non rida |
| noi | non ridiamo |
| voi | non ridete |
| loro | non ridano |